{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:53:04Z","timestamp":1791474784845,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Poverty is a key social determinant of health. This study examined perceptions of poverty among first- and second-year nursing students and the characteristics associated with them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a single university in southeastern T\u00fcrkiye between June and July 2025. All 675 first- and second-year students were invited to complete an anonymous online questionnaire; 523 questionnaires were returned, 519 (76.9%) came from students in an eligible year, and 512 (75.9%) met all eligibility criteria and were analysed. Measures were a personal information form, including a single-response item on the perceived cause of poverty, and the Perception of Poverty Scale for University Students (PPS). Analyses were exploratory: descriptive statistics, t-tests and one-way ANOVA with effect sizes and post-hoc tests, and hierarchical multiple linear regression with heteroscedasticity-consistent (HC3) standard errors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Poverty was most often attributed to \u201cinjustice\u201d (43.0%) and \u201clack of opportunity\u201d (27.5%). Students selecting \u201cinjustice\u201d had higher PPS scores than those selecting \u201clack of opportunity\u201d (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.001, g\u202f=\u202f0.41) or \u201csometimes people are to blame\u201d (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.023, g\u202f=\u202f0.46). Scores differed by mother\u2019s education (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      (5, 506)\u202f=\u202f3.27,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.006, \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      p\u202f=\u202f0.031) but not by father\u2019s education, family income, year of study or employment status. In the final regression model (R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.075), mother\u2019s education (B\u202f=\u202f\u22121.15, 95% CI\u202f\u2212\u202f1.77 to \u22120.53) and attribution to injustice (B\u202f=\u202f2.88, 95% CI 1.62 to 4.15) were associated with PPS scores; the female\u2013male difference was small and imprecisely estimated (B\u202f=\u202f1.29, 95% CI\u202f\u2212\u202f0.11 to 2.69), and household income adequacy, year of study and father\u2019s education showed no evidence of association.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single-university sample, maternal education and attribution of poverty to injustice were associated with PPS scores, whereas no evidence of an association with self-reported household income adequacy was observed. The analyses were exploratory and the model accounted for a small proportion of the variance; the cross-sectional design does not support causal inference or conclusions about the effectiveness of educational approaches. Poverty-related beliefs merit evaluation in educational research using measures of knowledge, stigma and practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1941236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:49:45Z","timestamp":1790142585000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perceptions of poverty and associated factors among first- and second-year nursing students: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ne\u015fe","family":"Ataman Bor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hakkari University","place":["Hakkari, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soner","family":"Ber\u015fe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University","place":["Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rev\u015fen","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Sciences, Hakkari University","place":["Hakkari, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-04269-x","article-title":"The global multidimensional poverty index: harmonised level estimates and their changes over time","volume":"12","author":"Suppa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"World Report on social Determinants of Health Equity.","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-07488-x","article-title":"Social determinants of health and life expectancy in US 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