{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:53:43Z","timestamp":1792788823878,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China International Medical Foundation Respiratory Disease Youth Practical Research Project","award":["Z-2017-24-2301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z-2017-24-2301"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03hy6ga56","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disposable e-cigarettes have rapidly proliferated since 2021, particularly among adolescents, raising dual public health concerns regarding youth nicotine initiation and potential harm reduction for adult smokers. This scoping review aims to map the available evidence on disposable e-cigarettes across the domains of chemistry, toxicology, epidemiology, and policy, and to elucidate their multi-dimensional public health implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2021 and February 2026. This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies were included if they involved disposable e-cigarettes and reported results of public health relevance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      132 studies were included and classified into four themes: (1) nicotine, chemical composition, and harm assessment (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f41), (2) usage trends, population characteristics, and associated factors (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f46), (3) effectiveness for smoking cessation (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f14), and (4) relevant policies, regulation, and prevention (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f31). Research findings raise health concerns regarding disposable e-cigarettes, but long-term clinical outcomes are not yet established. Disposable e-cigarettes are prevalent among adolescents and exhibit distinct demographic characteristics. Although they show potential as smoking cessation aids, they may also cause new nicotine dependence. Existing policies may prove limited in preventing adolescent e-cigarette use, necessitating enhanced regulatory oversight.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post-2021 disposable e-cigarettes present public health challenges alongside considerable evidence gaps, necessitating both comprehensive regulatory actions and urgent prospective cohort studies to address the tension between adolescent use prevention and adult harm reduction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1942633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T04:28:33Z","timestamp":1789964913000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Public health impact of disposable electronic cigarettes since 2021: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kefan","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron W. J.","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong","place":["Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengke","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontic Science, Institute of Science Tokyo","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neurobiology, Institute of Science Tokyo","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yubin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guopeng","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.63150\/osjdhs.2026.01","article-title":"Trends in search patterns and public interest in vaping, cigarette products, and oral & oropharyngeal cancer: an infodemiology analysis","volume":"2","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2026","journal-title":"Oral Sphere J Dent Health Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16044","article-title":"Rapid growth in disposable e-cigarette vaping among young adults in Great Britain from 2021 to 2022: a repeat cross-sectional 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