{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:05:06Z","timestamp":1789621506518,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether the large training-exposure difference between course-based and competitive-team university Wushu Taolu practitioners in China translates into a correspondingly different musculoskeletal health burden has not been well characterized prospectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this observational, non-randomized cohort study, 255 practitioners (128 course-based, 127 university-team; mean age 20.7\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.5) were followed over four waves (T0\u2013T3) across 12\u202fweeks, with training load, sleep, recovery, health problems, and injury recorded using recall windows matched to each variable\u2019s time-scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      University-team practitioners had substantially higher training exposure than course-based practitioners. The 12-week cumulative incidence of new injury was substantially higher in university-team practitioners than in course-based practitioners (68.9% vs. 20.0%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), with higher adjusted odds of injury (OR\u202f=\u202f6.31, 95% CI 1.49\u201326.69). However, when injury occurrence was expressed relative to estimated training exposure, the between-group difference was much smaller: 10.56 versus 8.98 positive new-injury person-wave observations per 1,000 estimated training hours, respectively (IRR\u202f=\u202f1.18, 95% CI 0.79\u20131.75). Prior injury within the preceding 12\u202fmonths was strongly associated with subsequent injury (OR\u202f=\u202f4.06, 95% CI 2.03\u20138.13).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>University-team practitioners experienced a substantially greater absolute injury burden than course-based practitioners, whereas the between-group difference was much smaller when injury occurrence was expressed relative to estimated training exposure. Prior injury history was a strong marker of subsequent injury. Because group membership and training exposure were highly correlated and the study was observational, these findings should not be interpreted causally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1950026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:49:38Z","timestamp":1789620578000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Training exposure, recovery, and injury incidence among course-based and competitive university Wushu Taolu practitioners: a 12-week prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanchang Institute of Technology","place":["Jiangxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiannan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967120902908","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120902908","article-title":"International Olympic Committee consensus statement: methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sports 2020 (including the STROBE extension for sports injury and illness surveillance (STROBE-SIIS))","volume":"8","author":"Bahr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2026.101130","article-title":"Sports injury surveillance practices and data collection methods in university student athletes: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Schippers","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.30476\/jrsr.2017.41111","article-title":"Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in shiraz male Wushu players: a cross sectional study","volume":"4","author":"Emami","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rehabil Sci Res"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"Prevalence of lower Extremity Overuse Injuries in Competitive Youth Wushu Taolu Athletes [Final Year Project]","author":"Tan","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare14030409","article-title":"How risky is mixed martial arts? 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