{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:34:52Z","timestamp":1791614092135,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Antibiot."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The rise of\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a serious, multidrug-resistant organism poses a significant and global challenge to the human health. The reasons\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    has developed resistance to standard antifungal drugs, include the activation of efflux pumps, the production of biofilms, and changes in ergosterol biosynthesis. In light of the threat posed by\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the potential of phytochemicals as therapeutic alternatives should be considered due to their diverse structures and ability to exhibit more than one type of antifungal activity. This review summarizes advances in the use of plant-based natural products displaying antifungal activity against\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with an emphasis on key classes of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, and essential oils. While the proposed mechanisms include disruption of cell membranes, inhibition of ergosterol synthesis, attenuation of oxidative stress, and suppression of virulence and biofilm formation, it is important to note that most evidence arises from\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies, with only limited mechanistic investigations on individual compounds. Although\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies indicate promising antifungal and adjunctive effects, the available evidence remains largely preclinical, with variable synergistic outcomes. Such synergy not only enhances therapeutic efficacy but also reduces required drug dosages, thereby\u00a0minimizing toxicity and delaying the emergence of resistance. Major limitations include inconsistency in phytochemical composition, insufficient pharmacokinetic data, and a lack of robust\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and clinical studies. This review critically integrates current knowledge, highlighting both the multi-target potential of phytochemicals against\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the key challenges that must be addressed to enable realistic clinical translation. By prioritizing synergy-focused research, and methodological standardization, phytocompounds can be positioned not merely as standalone agents but as adjunctive modulators of antifungal resistance, paving the way for novel, effective, and sustainable therapeutic options against MDR\n                    <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frabi.2026.1767032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T14:51:16Z","timestamp":1770735076000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Natural product based approaches to overcome Candida glabrata and emerging AMR threats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Binaya Krushna","family":"Sahu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinganagar","place":["Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudipta Kumar","family":"Patra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences","place":["Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahesh Chandra","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Regional Medical Research Centre, Chandrasekharpur","place":["Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujogya Kumar","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Kalinganagar","place":["Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-1050-8","article-title":"Fungicidal activity of thymol and carvacrol by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and membrane integrity against Candida","volume":"30","author":"Ahmad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. 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