{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T06:31:46Z","timestamp":1786516306740,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Antibiot."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibiograms support empirical therapy by providing local antimicrobial susceptibility data, guiding clinical decisions, and stewardship efforts. Rising multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria highlight the importance of continuous antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance to inform local treatment guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to assess AMR rates in clinical pathogenic isolates obtained from community-acquired infections at a general hospital in Western Saudi Arabia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibiogram data were analyzed retrospectively from January 2020 to September 2024, focusing on pathogenic bacteria and AMR isolates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study shows high rates of ESBL-producing\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the rapid emergence of resistance to last-resort antibiotics, indicating therapeutic exhaustion despite stable resistance to older drug classes. These trends, likely driven by antibiotic overuse during COVID-19, highlight shrinking treatment options and the urgent need to strengthen antimicrobial stewardship and reassess empirical therapies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frabi.2026.1872911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T05:59:53Z","timestamp":1786514393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antibiogram of pathogenic bacterial isolates from various samples in Prince Sultan Hospital, Western Region, Saudi Arabia. Retrospective study from 2020 to 2024"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ebtehal H.","family":"Alqurashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory, Prince Sultan Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najla A.","family":"Obaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University","place":["Makkah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyaa","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad S.","family":"Alshareef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory, Prince Sultan Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najlaa M.","family":"Mohandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory, Prince Sultan Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Areej M.","family":"Althyabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory, Prince Sultan Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Albugami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory, Prince Sultan Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sultan","family":"Almammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory, Prince Sultan Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense","place":["Taif, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.36721\/PJPS.2020.33.6.SUP.2759-2766.1","article-title":"Molecular characterization of multidrug resistant e. coli associated to urinary tract infection in taif, Saudi Arabia","volume":"33","author":"Abdallah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pak. 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