{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T13:31:10Z","timestamp":1787923870966,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Radiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Primary pulmonary nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma is a rare, aggressive malignancy driven by\n                      <jats:italic>NUTM1<\/jats:italic>\n                      rearrangement. Although\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-FDG PET\/CT is used in clinical management, its imaging features and value have not been systematically evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This PRISMA 2020 systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261292692). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and grey literature were searched from inception to March 2026. Studies reporting\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-FDG PET\/CT findings in pathologically confirmed primary pulmonary NUT carcinoma were included. A structured qualitative synthesis was performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-three studies (86 patients) were included. Tumours consistently showed marked hypermetabolism (SUVmax 5\u201340; mean, 12\u201314) with frequent central necrosis. A proposed imaging triad was identified: (1) bulky central mass with necrosis; (2) ipsilateral coalescent mediastinal\/hilar lymphadenopathy; and (3) extensive ipsilateral pleural involvement. The contralateral lung remained relatively spared and brain metastases were rare at initial diagnosis. PET\/CT led to M-stage reclassification in 55% of patients through occult metastasis detection, was superior to bone scintigraphy for osteolytic lesions, and revealed initial treatment response followed by rapid progression on serial monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Primary pulmonary NUT carcinoma demonstrates a characteristic hypermetabolic phenotype with a proposed imaging triad on\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-FDG PET\/CT. PET\/CT is crucial for staging modification, metastasis detection, and treatment response monitoring. Recognition of this profile may facilitate earlier diagnosis and clinical management.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD420261292692<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420261292692.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fradi.2026.1933175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T12:51:39Z","timestamp":1787921499000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Systematic review of PET imaging features and clinical applications in pulmonary NUT carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital","place":["Chongqing, Wanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Bin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital","place":["Chongqing, Wanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital","place":["Chongqing, Wanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital","place":["Chongqing, Wanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cailiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital","place":["Chongqing, Wanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0206-z","article-title":"NUTM1-rearranged Neoplasia: a multi-institution experience yields novel fusion partners and expands the histologic spectrum","volume":"32","author":"Stevens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860830","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.860830","article-title":"NUT Carcinoma: clinicopathologic features, molecular genetics and epigenetics","volume":"12","author":"Moreno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front 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