{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T09:35:56Z","timestamp":1781775356765,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007338","name":"All-India Institute of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) presents profound challenges, significantly impairing quality of life (QOL) for patients and increasing the burden on caregivers. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a tailored 12-week yoga intervention in improving the quality of life for individuals with mild to moderate AD and reducing caregiver burden (CB).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is yoga interventional study with healthy controls enrolled 30 participants (18 males, 12 females) diagnosed with mild to moderate AD by an expert neurologist. Participants were aged 60\u00a0years or older and were recruited from an old age home. A 12-week yoga program, including specific postures (asanas), pranayama (breathing exercises), and meditation, was conducted for 1\u00a0hour daily, 6\u00a0days a week. Neurocognitive assessments were performed pre- and post-intervention using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Caregiver Burden (CB) Scale. MoCA scores were analyzed across specific domains, including language, memory, attention, visuospatial ability, delayed recall, abstraction, and orientation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intervention led to significant improvements in quality-of-life measures. GDS scores decreased from 8.36 \u00b1 2.79 to 5.13 \u00b1 3.07 (P &amp;lt; 0.01; 95% CI: \u22123.98 to \u22122.31), while MoCA total scores improved from 18.23 \u00b1 4.90 to 21.10 \u00b1 5.09 (P &amp;lt; 0.01; 95% CI: 2.17\u20133.89). Domain-specific MoCA scores also showed significant enhancements, particularly in language, attention, and delayed recall. Caregiver burden, measured using the CB Scale, demonstrated notable reductions following the intervention (P &amp;lt; 0.01; 95% CI: \u22122.54 to \u22121.23).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study underscores the significant improvements in depression and cognitive function, and overall quality of life in individuals with mild to moderate AD. Additionally, the intervention alleviated caregiver burden, highlighting its potential as an effective mind-body approach for AD management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fragi.2025.1449485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T12:06:41Z","timestamp":1742558801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Yoga an integrated mind body intervention for improvement in quality of life in individuals with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and their caregivers"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Meenakshi","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashishdatt","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anu","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabhakar","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjari","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rima","family":"Dada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102229","article-title":"Evolving therapeutic interventions for the management and treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"95","author":"Ahmad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13809","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s and Dementia","volume":"20","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01344-0","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment: a longitudinal cohort analysis","volume":"15","author":"Aye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. and Ther."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.01.047","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease current therapies, novel drug delivery systems and future directions for better disease management","volume":"367","author":"Baljinder","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Control. Release Official J. Control. Release Soc."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2017.69","article-title":"Oxidative stress and male infertility","volume":"14","author":"Bisht","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.10.013","article-title":"The effects of yoga on patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a scoping review","volume":"27","author":"Brenes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatric Psychiatry Official J. Am. Assoc. Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S521","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-240719","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of yoga for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a critical review","volume":"101","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. JAD"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19313","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000019313","article-title":"Meditation treatment of Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment: a protocol for systematic review","volume":"99","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"awaf016","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf016","article-title":"APOE4 impact on soluble and insoluble tau pathology is mostly influenced by amyloid-beta","author":"Cicognola","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain A J. Neurology"},{"key":"B10","article-title":"Impact of physical activity on cellular metabolism across both neurodegenerative and general neurological","author":"Clemente-Su\u00e1rez","year":""},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13231940","article-title":"Impact of physical activity on cellular metabolism across both neurodegenerative and general neurological conditions: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Clemente-Su\u00e1rez","year":"","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2024.10","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarker decision- making among patients with mild cognitive impairment and their care partners","volume":"11","author":"Cox","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10078-1383","article-title":"Ocular and systemic factors associated with glaucoma","volume":"16","author":"Dada","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Curr. Glaucoma Pract."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365589","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1365589","article-title":"Physical activity improves the visual-spatial working memory of individuals with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Deng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afae005","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afae005","article-title":"New horizons in the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in older adults","volume":"53","author":"Dolphin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"B16","first-page":"269","article-title":"The influence of yoga on the cognitive function of people aged 60\u00a0years and older: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Eilat-Adar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Altern. Ther. Health Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-024-02744-4","article-title":"Combining Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment for assessing the clinical efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors in mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a pilot study","volume":"36","author":"Furneri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1177\/09727531211009431","article-title":"Yoga-impact on mitochondrial health: clinical consequences","volume":"28","author":"Gautam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Neurosci."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-180875","article-title":"Impact of yoga based mind-body intervention on systemic inflammatory markers and co-morbid depression in active Rheumatoid arthritis patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"37","author":"Gautam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Restor. Neurology Neurosci."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7327","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12237327","article-title":"The association between levels of physical activity and lifestyle, life expectancy, and quality of life in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Gholamalishahi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10707","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182010707","article-title":"Predictors of caregiver burden of patients with alzheimer disease attending day-care centres","volume":"18","author":"G\u00f3mez-Gallego","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e200265","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000200265","article-title":"Immediate reactions to alzheimer biomarker disclosure in cognitively unimpaired individuals in a global truncated randomized trial","volume":"14","author":"Grill","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-024-02807-0","article-title":"Cognitive and immunological effects of yoga compared to memory training in older women at risk for alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Grzenda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3918857\/v1","article-title":"Psychological distress among family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias in Uganda","volume":"3","author":"Gumikiriza-Onoria","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res. Square"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.4103\/ijoy.ijoy_25_22","article-title":"Kundalini yoga intervention increases hippocampal volume in older adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Yoga"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5899","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5899","article-title":"It goes both ways: the relationship between anxiety and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"38","author":"Jain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2023.08.004","article-title":"Association between self- and proxy-reported depression and quality of life in mild-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"32","author":"Joe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J. Geriatr. Psychiatry."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03732-5","article-title":"A systematic review of the health effects of yoga for people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia","volume":"23","author":"Karamacoska","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0234416","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234416","article-title":"Systematic review of the characteristics of brief team interventions to clarify roles and improve functioning in healthcare teams","volume":"15","author":"Kilpatrick","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317517734350","article-title":"An assessment of the burden on polish caregivers of patients with dementia: a preliminary study","volume":"32","author":"Kowalska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. Other Dementias"},{"key":"B28","article-title":"Alzheimer disease","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"StatPearls"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12522","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12522","article-title":"Association between clinical dementia rating and clinical outcomes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Lanct\u00f4t","year":"","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s and Dementia Diagnosis, Assess. and Dis. Monit."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2023.61","article-title":"Burden of illness in people with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review of epidemiology, comorbidities and mortality","volume":"11","author":"Lanct\u00f4t","year":"","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102199","article-title":"Recent trends in treatment strategies for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and the challenges: a topical advancement","volume":"94","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7928981","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7928981","article-title":"Impact of yoga and meditation on cellular aging in apparently healthy individuals: a prospective, open-label single-arm exploratory study","volume":"2017","author":"Madhuri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369766","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1369766","article-title":"Meta-analysis of Montreal cognitive assessment diagnostic accuracy in amnestic mild cognitive impairment","volume":"15","author":"Malek-Ahmadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2024.2320138","article-title":"Burden and quality of life of family caregivers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients: the role of forgiveness as a coping strategy","author":"Monteiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging and Ment. Health"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","article-title":"The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment","volume":"53","author":"Nasreddine","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatrics Soc."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S400","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.116313","article-title":"Positive therapeutic and neurotropic effects of yoga in depression: a comparative study","volume":"55","author":"Naveen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041362","article-title":"Precision nutrition for Alzheimer\u2019s prevention in ApoE4 carriers","volume":"13","author":"Norwitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020518","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment progression and Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk: a comprehensive analysis of 3553 cases over 203 months","volume":"13","author":"\u00d6ks\u00fcz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/scs.12626","article-title":"Burden of caregivers of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Pudelewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand. J. Caring Sci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2024.112620","article-title":"Non pharmacoligical approaches for neurodegenerative diseases: a narrative review","volume":"198","author":"Raza","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-231259","article-title":"Assessing quality of life, economic burden, and independence across the Alzheimer\u2019s disease continuum using patient-caregiver dyad surveys","volume":"99","author":"Tahami Monfared","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. JAD"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.4103\/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_398_17","article-title":"5-HTTLPR and MTHFR 677C>T polymorphisms and response to yoga-based lifestyle intervention in major depressive disorder: a randomized active-controlled trial","volume":"60","author":"Tolahunase","year":"","journal-title":"Indian J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-170810","article-title":"Yoga- and meditation-based lifestyle intervention increases neuroplasticity and reduces severity of major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Tolahunase","year":"","journal-title":"Restor. Neurology Neurosci."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51705","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.51705","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the past, present, and future of a globally progressive disease","volume":"16","author":"Vejandla","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CC08","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2015\/12851.6021","article-title":"Effect of yoga practice on levels of inflammatory markers after moderate and strenuous exercise","volume":"9","author":"Vijayaraghava","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagnostic Res. JCDR"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000311","article-title":"Yoga impacts cognitive health: neurophysiological changes and stress-regulation mechanisms","volume":"51","author":"Voss","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01421-y","article-title":"Prediction of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer\u2019s disease and simultaneous feature selection and grouping using Medicaid claim data","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. and Ther."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Aging"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fragi.2025.1449485\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T12:06:55Z","timestamp":1742558815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fragi.2025.1449485\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fragi.2025.1449485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fragi.2025.1449485","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-6217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-6217","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"article-number":"1449485"}}