{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:19:04Z","timestamp":1791847144080,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Rehabil. Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Myogenous temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is commonly associated with myofascial pain and functional limitations. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has shown potential in relieving chronic muscular pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single arm, prospective, pilot study, 25 patients diagnosed with myofascial TMDs received a single bilateral intramuscular injection of 50 units of BoNT-A. Assessments using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Chronic Pain Index (CPI), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS-8), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) were performed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks post-treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant reductions in pain (VAS: 6.84\u2009\u00b1\u20091.03 to 0.84\u2009\u00b1\u20090.94) and CPI (61.87\u2009\u00b1\u20098.12 to 9.86\u2009\u00b1\u20094.46) were observed. Functional improvement (JFLS-8: 5.82\u2009\u00b1\u20090.56 to 1.08\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51) and enhanced quality of life (OHIP-14: 24.56\u2009\u00b1\u20098.39 to 5.96\u2009\u00b1\u20092.79) were also significant. No adverse effects were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BoNT-A showed promising results in reducing pain and improving function in patients with myofascial pain in Temporomandibular Disorders (M-TMDs). However, the single-arm design, small sample size, and short follow-up limit causal inference and external validity. These findings should be interpreted as preliminary.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                      <jats:ext-link>Clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier NCT05651256.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fresc.2025.1737706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T05:16:59Z","timestamp":1766121419000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in myogenic temporomandibulardisorders: a single arm, prospective, pilot study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Bruno","family":"Macedo de 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