{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T19:15:26Z","timestamp":1781723726995,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oral. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Salivary Lactate Dehydrogenase (sLDH) levels seem to be higher in patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD) than a control group (CG).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case-control study. Patients with OPMD [oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral lichen planus (OLP)] and OSCC who attended two services in Spain were selected. sLDH in saliva was measured. Epidemiological, periodontal and specific variables related to OPMD and OSCC were collected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 92 patients were included: 12 with OSCC, 51 with OPMD (17 OL and 34 OLP), and 29 controls. sLDH values were higher in the OSCC, followed by the OPMD and CG groups, although no significant differences were observed. In the OSCC group, larger tumor size was associated with higher sLDH levels. In the OLP group, sLDH values were higher in patients with symptomatic lesions than in patients with only white lesions, but not significantly. No associations were observed between sLDH and the type of OL (homogeneous vs. non-homogeneous) and the degree of dysplasia. When analyzing periodontal variables among OSCC, OPMD and CG, periodontal probing depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing were significantly higher in the OSCC group, while the plaque index was higher in OPMD patients. The linear regression model for sLDH in the total group identified age and PPD as significant predictors of sLDH levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although sLDH values were higher in OSCC and OPMD patients than in a CG, the results do not support the use of sLDH as a reliable prognostic biomarker of malignancy. Future studies need to consider other factors that may influence sLDH levels, such as age and periodontal status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2024.1525936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T07:47:27Z","timestamp":1736236047000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Factors influencing salivary lactate dehydrogenase levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"L\u00f3pez-Pintor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Vallina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Ivaylova Serkedzhieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leire","family":"Virto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Nuevo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vito Carlo Alberto","family":"Caponio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Iniesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Santamarta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paloma","family":"Lequerica Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d3scar","family":"Iglesias Vel\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"de Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr2210097","article-title":"IARC perspective on oral cancer prevention","volume":"387","author":"Bouvard","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today","author":"Ferlay","year":"2024"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.104551","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in cancers of the lip, tongue and mouth","volume":"102","author":"Miranda-Filho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2023.2960","article-title":"The global, regional, and national burden of adult lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancer in 204 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"9","author":"Cunha","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1715715","article-title":"Head and neck cancer","volume":"382","author":"Chow","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444326","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1444326","article-title":"Evolving trends in oral cancer burden in Europe: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Ghanem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B7","volume-title":"IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention: Oral Cancer Prevention. 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