{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:52:00Z","timestamp":1792101120913,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oral. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dental caries is a prevalent oral disease with a multifactorial etiology. <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> has been implicated in caries progression on account of its acidogenic properties; On the other hand, they constitute one of the potential probiotic strategies for preventing dental caries. This complex relationship renders the relationship between <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> and dental caries remains ambiguous.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Web of Science core collections (WoSCC) were searched to acquire articles relevant to <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> and dental caries. After retrieval and manual screening, publications were analyzed by VOSviewer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sweden, the US, and China, which have been the center of international cooperation, have produced the most publications in the research area. Caries Research is the main counterpart journal in the field. \u201cDental caries\u201d, \u201c<jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\u201d, \u201cLactobacilli\u201d, \u201cProbiotics\u201d, and \u201cChildren\u201d have been commonly used as keywords.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on bibliometric analysis, this study reviews the relationship between lactobacilli and dental caries, emphasizing their dual roles. The detection rate of lactobacilli is closely associated with the incidence and severity of dental caries. However, under specific environmental conditions, these bacteria also exhibit potential probiotic properties that may aid in the prevention of dental caries. Additionally, <jats:italic>Lactobacillu<\/jats:italic>s is strongly associated with early childhood caries, a specific type of caries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1535233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T06:44:12Z","timestamp":1738305852000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Unveiling the dual nature of Lactobacillus: from cariogenic threat to probiotic protector\u2014a critical review with bibliometric 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