{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T11:45:56Z","timestamp":1762429556698,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adipose tissue releases pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and hormones such as irisin, visfatin, and interleukin-6, which may be linked to periodontal diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study aimed to determine salivary irisin, visfatin, and interleukin-6 levels in gingivitis and periodontitis patients, compare them with healthy periodontal patients, and evaluate the association between these biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety participants were involved in this case-control study: 30 patients diagnosed with periodontitis (P), 30 patients with gingivitis (G), and 30 periodontally healthy subjects (control; C). The periodontal clinical parameters were documented. The ELISA test examined irisin, visfatin, and interleukin-6 saliva levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS (V.29).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Irisin significantly decreased in gingivitis and periodontitis compared to the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). In contrast, gingivitis and periodontitis reported elevated levels of visfatin and interleukin-6 compared to the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Visfatin levels did not significantly change between gingivitis and periodontitis (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05). All periodontal clinical measures showed a significant negative association with irisin (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), except plaque index in the gingivitis group. At the same time, visfatin and interleukin-6 showed significant positive relationships with all clinical periodontal markers (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Salivary irisin levels were reduced in individuals with gingivitis and periodontitis, whereas visfatin and interleukin-6 levels were elevated. These biomarkers may predict susceptibility to periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1614433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T06:22:58Z","timestamp":1762410178000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Irisin, a promising adipomyokine, shows low levels in relation to periodontal diseases, unlike visfatin and IL-6 (case-control study)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Farah Sabah","family":"Salim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saif 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