{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:27:59Z","timestamp":1787318879718,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012151","name":"Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SZSM202311022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZSM202311022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oral Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Orthognathic surgery plays a crucial role in restoring occlusal function and improving facial aesthetics. Avascular osteonecrosis of the jaw is a rare but severe postoperative complication. Here, we reviewed the clinical characteristics and management of avascular osteonecrosis of the jaw following orthognathic surgery. A systematic review of published studies up to April 2026 was conducted. Data on clinical features, potential contributing factors, and management strategies were collected. This review included 17 studies encompassing 33 cases. Avascular osteonecrosis of the jaw was predominantly located in the maxilla (28\/33), with the majority of cases (18\/33) affecting the alveolar bone of the maxilla. Early symptoms primarily included gingival or soft tissue discoloration (14\/33). As necrosis progressed, symptoms such as tooth loss, alveolar bone loss, oronasal fistulas, and others were observed. Management followed a staged approach: non-surgical interventions for initial control and surgical interventions for progressive cases. Thirteen cases ultimately underwent bone grafting and flap reconstruction. Larger sample sizes and higher-quality studies are needed to further understand this rare but serious complication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2026.1826043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T06:05:02Z","timestamp":1782194702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Avascular osteonecrosis of the jaw following orthognathic surgery: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Chaoqun","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixu","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary Shun Pan","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang-yong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2864216","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2864216","article-title":"Impacts of orthognathic surgery on patient satisfaction, overall quality of life, and oral health-related quality of life: a systematic literature review","volume":"2019","author":"Zamboni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03644-1","article-title":"Successful rehabilitation after multiple severe complications following orthognathic surgery: a case 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