{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T20:35:09Z","timestamp":1779309309311,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS) abuse in the society is considered a health problem and has been associated with cardiovascular toxicity, endocrine disruption, as well as psychiatric symptoms such as aggression and cognitive dysfunction. Men and women abusing AAS, as well as persons in close relationship to AAS abusers, may encounter concerns. Subsequently, the Anti-Doping Hotline was formed 1993 to answers questions about doping in the society. Here we have reviewed 7,123 enquiries posted on the Anti-Doping Hotline website between 2005 and 2018 to see what type of questions were raised. Most questions (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 2,924) involved AAS, 60% from abusers themselves, and 17% from a person close to an AAS abusers. Only 2.3% of the questions concerned AAS abusing women. Of the AAS specific questions most were from persons who sought personal advice regarding risks and side effects. Notably, the AAS abusers themselves were concerned about somatic side effects (e.g., gynecomastia) and problems related to the AAS injection. The persons in close relationship to an AAS abusers on the other hand, expressed concerns about psychiatric changes including mood swings and aggressivity. In addition to AAS, 26 and 13% of the questions involved dietary supplements and other doping substances, respectively. A gradual decrease of questions regarding ephedrine was noted, whereas the numbers of SARMs related questions increased during this time. Our results show that there is a continuous need to provide medical, nursing, and social support and counseling to AAS abusers and their next of kin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2021.787954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T08:32:19Z","timestamp":1639557139000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Summary of Online Enquiries Submitted to Anti-doping Hotline 2005\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Lena","family":"Ekstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Brostr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marja-Liisa","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annica","family":"B\u00f6rjesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1700027","article-title":"Proof of the effect of testosterone on skeletal muscle","volume":"170","author":"Bhasin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Endocrinol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.31.1.54","article-title":"Gym and tonic: a profile of 100 male steroid users","volume":"31","author":"Evans","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000210194.56834.5d","article-title":"Anabolic androgenic steroids: a survey of 500 users","volume":"38","author":"Parkinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02734.x","article-title":"Anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence: an emerging disorder","volume":"104","author":"Kanayama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addiction (Abingdon, England)."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.02.014","article-title":"Supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid use: a risk factor for dementia?","volume":"100","author":"Kaufman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.01023.x","article-title":"Use of performance- and image-enhancing substances among recreational athletes: a quantitative analysis of inquiries submitted to the Danish anti-doping authorities","volume":"20","author":"Bojsen-M\u00f8ller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-003-0633-z","article-title":"The anti-doping hot-line, a means to capture the abuse of doping agents in the Swedish society and a new service function in clinical pharmacology","volume":"59","author":"Eklof","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol."},{"key":"B8","first-page":"20047","article-title":"Increased availability needed for analysis of anabolic androgenic steroids outside of sports - proposal of a uniform clinical analysis method in Sweden","volume":"118","author":"Widing","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1550-2783-4-12","article-title":"A league of their own: demographics, motivations and patterns of use of 1,955 male adult non-medical anabolic steroid users in the United States","volume":"4","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Int Soc Sports Nutr."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-016-0056-3","article-title":"Recruitment to doping and help-seeking behavior of eight female AAS users","volume":"11","author":"B\u00f6rjesson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56060265","article-title":"Male anabolic androgenic steroid users with personality disorders report more aggressive feelings, suicidal thoughts, and criminality","volume":"56","author":"B\u00f6rjesson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-019-0206-5","article-title":"Anabolic-androgenic steroid users receiving health-related information; health problems, motivations to quit and treatment desires","volume":"14","author":"Havnes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy."},{"key":"B13","volume-title":"Dopning - \u00f6versikt, v\u00e5rd och behandling samt id\u00e9skiss till ett nationellt kompetenscentrum, slutrapport fr\u00e5n Nationellt kompetensutvecklingsprojekt f\u00d6r dopningsproblematik.","author":"Region","year":"2016"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2763","article-title":"Studies of athlete biological passport biomarkers and clinical parameters in male and female users of anabolic androgenic steroids and other doping agents","volume":"12","author":"B\u00f6rjesson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal."},{"key":"B15","unstructured":"AgencyWA-D,. Doping Testing Figures.\n          2019"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2012.01.004","article-title":"Anabolic androgenic steroids in police cases in Sweden 1999-2009","volume":"219","author":"Lood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2016.1263665","article-title":"Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of doping products seized at the Swiss border","volume":"52","author":"Weber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.09.027","article-title":"Detection of anabolic androgenic steroid use by elite athletes and by members of the general public","volume":"464","author":"Anawalt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000015","article-title":"Selective androgen receptor modulators for the prevention and treatment of muscle wasting associated with cancer","volume":"7","author":"Dalton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.01.040","article-title":"Detection of SARMs in doping control analysis","volume":"464","author":"Thevis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2020.1777275","article-title":"Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) as pharmacological treatment for muscle wasting in ongoing clinical trials","volume":"29","author":"Fonseca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2017-0429","article-title":"Athletes and supplements: prevalence and perspectives","volume":"28","author":"Garthe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(01)00396-X","article-title":"Detection and determination of anabolic steroids in nutritional supplements","volume":"25","author":"De Cock","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-819955","article-title":"Analysis of non-hormonal nutritional supplements for anabolic-androgenic steroids - results of an international study","volume":"25","author":"Geyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2929","article-title":"Reliable identification and quantification of anabolic androgenic steroids in dietary supplements by using gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry","volume":"13","author":"Micalizzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101961","article-title":"UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research","volume":"55","author":"Collins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.78","article-title":"Prescription stimulants in individuals with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: misuse, cognitive impact, and adverse effects","volume":"2","author":"Lakhan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054714554617","article-title":"Prevalence, patient characteristics, and pharmacological treatment of children, adolescents, and adults diagnosed with ADHD in Sweden","volume":"22","author":"Giacobini","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Atten Disord."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S155838","article-title":"Estimated prevalence and incidence of diagnosed ADHD and health care utilization in adults in Sweden - a longitudinal population-based register study","volume":"14","author":"Polyzoi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2021.787954\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T08:32:26Z","timestamp":1639557146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2021.787954\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/frph.2021.787954"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frph.2021.787954","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-3153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-3153","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"article-number":"787954"}}