{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:28:40Z","timestamp":1787027320174,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The human endometrium is a remarkable tissue which may experience up to 400 cycles of hormone-driven proliferation, differentiation and breakdown during a woman's reproductive lifetime. During menstruation, when the luminal portion of tissue breaks down, it resembles a bloody wound with piecemeal shedding, exposure of underlying stroma and a strong inflammatory reaction. In the absence of pathology within a few days the integrity of the tissue is restored without formation of a scar and the endometrium is able to respond appropriately to subsequent endocrine signals in preparation for establishment of pregnancy if fertilization occurs. Understanding mechanisms regulating scarless repair of the endometrium is important both for design of therapies which can treat conditions where this is aberrant (heavy menstrual bleeding, fibroids, endometriosis, Asherman's syndrome) as well as to provide new information that might allow us to reduce fibrosis and scar formation in other tissues. Menstruation only occurs naturally in species that exhibit spontaneous stromal cell decidualization during the fertile cycle such as primates (including women) and the Spiny mouse. To take advantage of genetic models and detailed time course analysis, mouse models of endometrial shedding\/repair involving hormonal manipulation, artificial induction of decidualization and hormone withdrawal have been developed and refined. These models are useful in modeling dynamic changes across the time course of repair and have recapitulated key features of endometrial repair in women including local hypoxia and immune cell recruitment. In this review we will consider the evidence that scarless repair of endometrial tissue involves changes in stromal cell function including mesenchyme to epithelial transition, epithelial cell proliferation and multiple populations of immune cells. Processes contributing to endometrial fibrosis (Asherman's syndrome) as well as scarless repair of other tissues including skin and oral mucosa are compared to that of menstrual repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2021.801843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T11:12:31Z","timestamp":1641467551000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mechanisms of Scarless Repair at Time of Menstruation: Insights From Mouse Models"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Phoebe M.","family":"Kirkwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac W.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippa T. K.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv038","article-title":"Menstrual physiology: implications for endometrial pathology and beyond","volume":"21","author":"Maybin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1250301","article-title":"Review Tissue injury and repair in the female human reproductive tract","volume":"125","author":"Salamonsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e86378","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086378","article-title":"Evidence from a mouse model that epithelial cell migration and mesenchymal-epithelial transition contribute to rapid restoration of uterine tissue integrity during menstruation","volume":"9","author":"Cousins","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaq061","article-title":"Adult stem cells in the endometrium","volume":"16","author":"Gargett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3209","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.031187","article-title":"Wound repair at a glance","volume":"122","author":"Shaw","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-016-2424-8","article-title":"Scarless wound healing: finding the right cells and signals","volume":"365","author":"Leavitt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-4-S1-S5","article-title":"Regulation of human endometrial function: mechanisms relevant to uterine bleeding","volume":"1","author":"Critchley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2019","article-title":"Physiology of the endometrium and regulation of menstruation","volume":"100","author":"Critchley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep036","article-title":"A re-appraisal of the morphological changes within the endometrium during menstruation: a hysteroscopic, histological and scanning electron microscopic study","volume":"24","author":"Garry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2014-1045","article-title":"Cyclic decidualization of the human endometrium in reproductive health and failure","volume":"35","author":"Gellersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201100099","article-title":"The evolution of menstruation: a new model for genetic assimilation: explaining molecular origins of maternal responses to fetal invasiveness","volume":"34","author":"Emera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioessays."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1390-3","article-title":"Monkeys, mice and menses: the bloody anomaly of the spiny mouse","volume":"36","author":"Bellofiore","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey247","article-title":"Characterization of human-like menstruation in the spiny mouse: comparative studies with the human and induced mouse model","volume":"33","author":"Bellofiore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-5576(00)00062-9","article-title":"Differential regulation of stromelysin-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-3) and matrilysin (matrix metalloproteinase-7) in baboon endometrium","volume":"7","author":"Cox","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod59.6.1349","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase expression in Macaca mulatta endometrium: evidence for zone-specific regulatory tissue gradients","volume":"59","author":"Rudolf-Owen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol Reproduct."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-012-9225-5","article-title":"Molecular and functional aspects of menstruation in the macaque","volume":"13","author":"Brenner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02766.x","article-title":"Premenstrual and menstrual changes in the macaque and human endometrium: relevance to endometriosis","volume":"955","author":"Brenner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(78)90119-9","article-title":"Menstruation in intraocular endometrial transplants in the Rhesus monkey","volume":"131","author":"Markee","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/11.suppl_2.150","article-title":"Non-human primate models; artificial menstrual cycles, endometrial matrix metalloproteinases and .c. endometrial grafts.","volume":"11","author":"Brenner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8413","article-title":"Vascular proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the rhesus macaque endometrium","volume":"87","author":"Nayak","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3442","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.9.6769","article-title":"Progesterone withdrawal up-regulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in the superficial zone stroma of the human and macaque endometrium: potential relevance to menstruation","volume":"85","author":"Nayak","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.041","article-title":"Endometriosis: Etiology, pathobiology, therapeutic prospects","volume":"184","author":"Saunders","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36748","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36748","article-title":"Evidence for a dynamic role for mononuclear phagocytes during endometrial repair and remodelling","volume":"6","author":"Cousins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19272","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1013226107","article-title":"Uterine epithelial estrogen receptor {alpha} is dispensable for proliferation but essential for complete biological and biochemical responses","volume":"107","author":"Winuthayanon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3282","article-title":"Targeting of alphav integrin identifies a core molecular pathway that regulates fibrosis in several organs","volume":"19","author":"Henderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21285","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202002123R","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing redefines the mesenchymal cell landscape of mouse endometrium","volume":"35","author":"Kirkwood","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8377","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07728-1","article-title":"Juxtacrine activity of estrogen receptor alpha in uterine stromal cells is necessary for estrogen-induced epithelial cell proliferation","volume":"7","author":"Winuthayanon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific reports."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1210\/rp.57.1.339","article-title":"Reproductive functions of progesterone receptors","volume":"57","author":"Conneely","year":"2002","journal-title":"Recent Prog Horm Res."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1000295","article-title":"Vascular and cellular changes in the decidualized endometrium of the ovariectomized mouse following cessation of hormone treatment: a possible model for menstruation","volume":"100","author":"Finn","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Endocrinol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3571","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-111401","article-title":"VEGF blockade inhibits angiogenesis and reepithelialization of endometrium","volume":"22","author":"Fan","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1100093","article-title":"Control of leucocyte infiltration into the decidualized mouse uterus","volume":"110","author":"Finn","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Endocrinol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.016550","article-title":"Mimicking the events of menstruation in the murine uterus","volume":"69","author":"Brasted","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol Reprod."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det052","article-title":"critical period of progesterone withdrawal precedes endometrial breakdown and shedding in mouse menstrual-like model","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-1842-8","article-title":"Hypoxyprobe reveals dynamic spatial and temporal changes in hypoxia in a mouse model of endometrial breakdown and repair","volume":"9","author":"Cousins","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41800","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041800","article-title":"Granulocytes and vascularization regulate uterine bleeding and tissue remodeling in a mouse menstruation model","volume":"7","author":"Menning","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719118756744","article-title":"Optimization of endometrial decidualization in the menstruating mouse model for preclinical endometriosis research","volume":"25","author":"Peterse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Sci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.03.011","article-title":"A novel mouse model of endometriosis mimics human phenotype and reveals insights into the inflammatory contribution of shed endometrium","volume":"184","author":"Greaves","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1826","article-title":"Dynamic regulation of Wnt7a expression in the primate endometrium: implications for postmenstrual regeneration and secretory transformation","volume":"153","author":"Fan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32922","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032922","article-title":"Induction of Overt menstruation in intact mice","volume":"7","author":"Rudolph","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-18-0163","article-title":"Acute restraint stress triggers progesterone withdrawal and endometrial breakdown and shedding through corticosterone stimulation in mouse menstrual-like model","volume":"157","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reproduction."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5105","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0716","article-title":"Estrogen is not essential for full endometrial restoration after breakdown: lessons from a mouse model","volume":"148","author":"Kaitu'u-Lino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1746","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0272","article-title":"In silico analysis identifies a novel role for androgens in the regulation of human endometrial apoptosis","volume":"96","author":"Marshall","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19970","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19970","article-title":"Intracrine Androgens Enhance Decidualization and Modulate Expression of Human Endometrial Receptivity Genes","volume":"6","author":"Gibson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific reports."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201600078R","article-title":"Androgens regulate scarless repair of the endometrial \u201cwound\u201d in a mouse model of menstruation","volume":"30","author":"Cousins","year":"2016","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3886","article-title":"The potential implications of a PCOS diagnosis on a woman's long-term health using data linkage","volume":"100","author":"Hart","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2971","article-title":"The regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by hypoxia and prostaglandin F(2)alpha during human endometrial repair","volume":"96","author":"Maybin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1153","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression in human endometrium and its regulation by prostaglandin E-series prostanoid receptor 2 (EP2)","volume":"147","author":"Critchley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(98)80016-6","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible Hypoxia-inducible factor 1: master regulator of O2 homeostasis","volume":"8","author":"Semenza","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr Opin Genet Dev"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00518-9","article-title":"HIF-1, O(2), and the 3 PHDs: how animal cells signal hypoxia to the nucleus","volume":"107","author":"Semenza","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.070","article-title":"Novel roles for hypoxia and prostaglandin E2 in the regulation of IL-8 during endometrial repair","volume":"178","author":"Maybin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3711","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13-232074","article-title":"Hypoxia is not required for human endometrial breakdown or repair in a xenograft model of menstruation","volume":"27","author":"Coudyzer","year":"2013","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02375-6","article-title":"Hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha are required for normal endometrial repair during menstruation","volume":"9","author":"Maybin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Communicat."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2004-0021","article-title":"Endocrine regulation of menstruation","volume":"27","author":"Jabbour","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-012-9223-7","article-title":"Inflammation, leukocytes and menstruation","volume":"13","author":"Evans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6155","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0507","article-title":"Identification of chemokines important for leukocyte recruitment to the human endometrium at the times of embryo implantation and menstruation","volume":"89","author":"Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17416","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17565-x","article-title":"Endometrial apoptosis and neutrophil infiltration during menstruation exhibits spatial and temporal dynamics that are recapitulated in a mouse model","volume":"7","author":"Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0712327","article-title":"The importance of the macrophage within the human endometrium","volume":"93","author":"Thiruchelvam","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12381","article-title":"Exacerbated and prolonged inflammation impairs wound healing and increases scarring","volume":"24","author":"Qian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-006-0358-2","article-title":"Neutrophil depletion retards endometrial repair in a mouse model","volume":"328","author":"Kaitu'u-Lino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1206713","article-title":"Mouse neutrophilic granulocytes express mRNA encoding the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (CSF-1R) as well as many other macrophage-specific transcripts and can transdifferentiate into macrophages in vitro in response to CSF-1","volume":"82","author":"Sasmono","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1040-z","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0407247","article-title":"Use of Ly6G-specific monoclonal antibody to deplete neutrophils in mice","volume":"83","author":"Daley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2900","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1993","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 regulated by the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway plays an important role in endometrial breakdown in a female mouse menstrual-like model","volume":"154","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02773.x","article-title":"Circulating ovarian steroids and endometrial matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)","volume":"955","author":"Henriet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5094","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0750","article-title":"Spatiotemporal coupling of focal extracellular matrix degradation and reconstruction in the menstrual human endometrium","volume":"150","author":"Gaide Chevronnay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.042473","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases in endometrial breakdown and repair: functional significance in a mouse model","volume":"73","author":"Kaitu'u","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Reprod."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.111.090993","article-title":"Extracellular matrix dynamics in scar-free endometrial repair: perspectives from mouse in vivo and human in vitro studies","volume":"85","author":"Evans","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Reprod."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0738","article-title":"A new role for activin in endometrial repair after menses","volume":"150","author":"Kaitu'u-Lino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3386","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1334","article-title":"Reepithelialization of the uterine surface arises from endometrial glands: evidence from a functional mouse model of breakdown and repair","volume":"151","author":"Kaitu'u-Lino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.099309","article-title":"Identification of label-retaining perivascular cells in a mouse model of endometrial decidualization, breakdown, and repair","volume":"86","author":"Kaitu'u-Lino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Reprod."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44285","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044285","article-title":"Stromal-to-epithelial transition during postpartum endometrial regeneration","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2012.0435","article-title":"Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition contributes to endometrial regeneration following natural and artificial decidualization","volume":"22","author":"Patterson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107631","article-title":"In vivo cell fate tracing provides no evidence for mesenchymal to epithelial transition in adult fallopian tube and uterus","volume":"31","author":"Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640319","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.640319","article-title":"The elusive endometrial epithelial stem\/progenitor cells","volume":"9","author":"Cousins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem265","article-title":"Co-expression of two perivascular cell markers isolates mesenchymal stem-like cells from human endometrium","volume":"22","author":"Schwab","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deab156","article-title":"Menstrual fluid endometrial stem\/progenitor cell and supernatant protein content: cyclical variation and indicative range","volume":"36","author":"Wyatt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000634","article-title":"Tissue engineering approaches for treating pelvic organ prolapse using a novel source of stem\/stromal cells and new materials","volume":"29","author":"Gargett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqaa174","article-title":"Uterine scarring leads to adverse pregnant consequences by impairing the endometrium response to steroids","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrinology 161."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.06.037","article-title":"Avoiding Asherman's syndrome: refining our approach to uterine evacuation","volume":"116","author":"Freedman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96662","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096662","article-title":"Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell (BMDSC) transplantation improves fertility in a murine model of Asherman's syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Alawadhi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12597","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12597","article-title":"Single cell-derived clonally expanded mesenchymal progenitor cells from somatic cell nuclear transfer-derived pluripotent stem cells ameliorate the endometrial function in the uterus of a murine model with Asherman's syndrome","volume":"52","author":"Jun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv051","article-title":"Endometrial stem\/progenitor cells: the first 10 years","volume":"22","author":"Gargett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.05.015","article-title":"Perivascular stem cell-derived cyclophilin A improves uterine environment with asherman's syndrome via HIF1alpha-dependent angiogenesis","volume":"28","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Ther."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.a2020.0024","article-title":"Suppression of the inflammation and fibrosis in Asherman syndrome rat model by mesenchymal stem cells: histological and immunohistochemical studies","volume":"58","author":"Salama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Histochem Cytobiol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2021.101676","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells therapy: A promising method for the treatment of uterine scars and premature ovarian failure","volume":"74","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tissue Cell."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey232","article-title":"Asherman's Syndrome: it may not be all our fault","volume":"33","author":"Santamaria","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00373-7","article-title":"Liver regeneration and inflammation: from fundamental science to clinical applications. Nature reviews","volume":"22","author":"Campana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecular Cell Biology."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13191","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13191","article-title":"CSF1-associated decrease in endometrial macrophages may contribute to Asherman's syndrome","volume":"83","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11210","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201900797R","article-title":"Macrophage-derived insulin-like growth factor-1 is a key neurotrophic and nerve-sensitizing factor in pain associated with endometriosis","volume":"33","author":"Forster","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2938-9","article-title":"Fibrosis: from mechanisms to medicines","volume":"587","author":"Henderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11060448","article-title":"Stromal heterogeneity in the human proliferative endometrium-A single-cell RNA sequencing study","author":"Queckborner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pers Med 11."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0073-8","article-title":"Two succeeding fibroblastic lineages drive dermal development and the transition from regeneration to scarring","volume":"20","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12916","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12916","article-title":"Advances in scarless foetal wound healing and prospects for scar reduction in adults","volume":"53","author":"Yin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12072","article-title":"Detrimental dermal wound healing: what can we learn from the oral mucosa?","volume":"21","author":"Glim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aap8798","article-title":"Transcriptional signature primes human oral mucosa for rapid wound healing","volume":"10","author":"Iglesias-Bartolome","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682143","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.682143","article-title":"A scarless healing tale: comparing homeostasis and wound healing of oral mucosa with skin and oesophagus","volume":"9","author":"Pereira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.02.011","article-title":"The effects of oral mucosa-derived heterotopic fibroblasts on cutaneous wound healing","volume":"74","author":"Sezgin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308200810","article-title":"Differential injury responses in oral mucosal and cutaneous wounds","volume":"82","author":"Szpaderska","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Dent Res."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12385","article-title":"Cellular events during scar-free skin regeneration in the spiny mouse, Acomys","volume":"24","author":"Brant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12170","article-title":"Stephens, Identification of a transcriptional signature for the wound healing continuum","volume":"22","author":"Peake","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2021.801843\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T11:12:34Z","timestamp":1641467554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2021.801843\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"references-count":100,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/frph.2021.801843"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frph.2021.801843","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-3153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-3153","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"article-number":"801843"}}