{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T13:18:23Z","timestamp":1790342303211,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Dysmenorrhea is pain during menstrual flow and is the most common gynecologic complaint in reproductive-age girls. The severity of dysmenorrhea ranges from mild to severe pain during menstruation, which affects their academic activities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of dysmenorrhea and its effects on academic activities among Hawassa University students from April 1\u201330\/2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A cross-sectional study was conducted and a systematic random sampling technique was used to select 348 study participants. Standardized self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain relevant data. The severity of pain was assessed using a verbal multidimensional scoring system and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) methods. The collected data was entered into Epi info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis and then descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 80% (277). Of those affected by dysmenorrhea, using the verbal multidimensional scoring system, 47.6% (132) were found to have mild pain, 39.7% (110) had moderate pain, and 12.6% (35) had severe pain. However, using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), 21.7% (60) were found to have mild pain, 33.2% (92) had moderate pain, 37.5% (104) had severe pain, and 7.6% (21) had very severe pain. It was found to have a negative effect on academic activity, such as loss of concentration in class (p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00), disruption of study time (p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00), sleep disturbances (p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00), issues in personal relationships (p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00), and absenteeism (p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00). Associated factors included being sexually active, having a family history of dysmenorrhea, and the presence of depression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Dysmenorrhea is prevalent in this study and has a significant impact on academic activities. Family history of dysmenorrhea, being sexually active, and the presence of depression are associated factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2023.1244540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T10:00:01Z","timestamp":1702634401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and associated factors and its effect on daily academic activities among female undergraduate students of Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa, 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