{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:13:00Z","timestamp":1792699980713,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is strong global need for the development of Multipurpose Prevention Technologies (MPTs) that prevent HIV, pregnancy, and\/or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, despite decades of research focused on the development of MPTs, numerous research gaps remain, contributing to reproductive health disparities. This commentary will highlight biomedical, socio-behavioral, and implementation science gaps in MPT research. Biomedical gaps and barriers include limited dosage forms, challenges around drug selection and stable coformulation of multiple drugs, and an unclear regulatory pathway. Behavioral, social, and structural gaps include lack of research around MPT preferences for some subgroups of potential end users, lack of knowledge around whether MPTs improve uptake, adherence, and persistence vs. separate products, and a need to further understand how social and cultural factors might impact MPT interest and use. Gaps in implementation science research will need to be addressed to better understand how to implement MPTs to maximize effectiveness and benefit. This commentary will also identify opportunities for integrating biomedical and behavioral science around MPTs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2023.1244659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T08:23:55Z","timestamp":1693556635000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biomedical, socio-behavioral, and implementation science gaps in multipurpose prevention technology research"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"suffix":"Jr","given":"James E.","family":"Cummins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Leigh","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa E.","family":"Senn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.113849","article-title":"Advances in long-acting injectables, implants, and vaginal rings for contraception and HIV prevention","volume":"176","author":"Krovi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"B2","year":""},{"key":"B3","year":""},{"key":"B4","year":""},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2022.2135699","article-title":"Long-acting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) approaches: recent advances, emerging technologies, and development challenges","volume":"19","author":"Agrahari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100214","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.202100214","article-title":"Extending drug release from implants via transcutaneous refilling with solid therapeutics","volume":"5","author":"Di Trani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2019.12.005","article-title":"Commentary on research to improve contraceptive and multipurpose prevention technologies","volume":"101","author":"Speidel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13152450","article-title":"Multipurpose prevention technologies: oral, parenteral, and vaginal dosage forms for prevention of HIV\/STIs and unplanned pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"Young","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-021-00529-y","article-title":"Animal models and alternatives in vaginal research: a comparative review","volume":"28","author":"McCracken","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa092","article-title":"Towards a roadmap to advance non-hormonal contraceptive multipurpose prevention technologies: strategic insights from key stakeholdersdagger","volume":"103","author":"Hemmerling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1080\/13625187.2018.1508650","article-title":"A strategic action framework for multipurpose prevention technologies combining contraceptive hormones and antiretroviral drugs to prevent pregnancy and HIV","volume":"23","author":"Young Holt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150857","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2023.1150857","article-title":"Strategic actions to advance multipurpose prevention technologies in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"5","author":"Young Holt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Reprod Health"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.07.012","article-title":"Ethical issues for late-stage trials of multipurpose prevention technologies for HIV and pregnancy","volume":"127","author":"Cohen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31899\/hiv1.1015","volume-title":"Nonclinical development needs and regulatory requirements for multipurpose prevention technologies: A primer [brief]","author":"Romano","year":"2012"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31899\/hiv1.1011","volume-title":"What regulatory guidance exists for multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs)? A review of key guidance documents and their applicability to MPTs [brief]","author":"Brady","year":"2011"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31899\/hiv1.1010","volume-title":"Facilitating regulatory approval of multipurpose prevention technologies for sexual and reproductive health [brief]","author":"Brady","year":"2011"},{"key":"B17","year":""},{"key":"B18","year":""},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3848","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03713-6","article-title":"Couples\u2019 preferences for \u201c2 in 1\u201d multipurpose prevention technologies to prevent both HIV and pregnancy: results of a discrete choice experiment in Uganda and Zimbabwe","volume":"26","author":"Minnis","year":"2022","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03951-8","article-title":"Women want choices: opinions from the share. Learn. Shape global internet survey about multipurpose prevention technology (MPT) products in development","volume":"27","author":"Friedland","year":"2023","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001945","article-title":"Young women\u2019s stated preferences for biomedical HIV prevention: results of a discrete choice experiment in Kenya and South Africa","volume":"80","author":"Minnis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2008.008120","article-title":"Condom \u201cturn offs\u201d among adults: an exploratory study","volume":"19","author":"Crosby","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.5334\/aogh.3612","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to acceptability of the female condom in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"88","author":"Fasehun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Glob Health"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69662-1","article-title":"Factors that shape young people\u2019s sexual behaviour: a systematic review","volume":"368","author":"Marston","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125159","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2023.1125159","article-title":"Microarray patch for HIV prevention and as a multipurpose prevention technology to prevent HIV and unplanned pregnancy: an assessment of potential acceptability, usability, and programmatic fit in Kenya","volume":"5","author":"Gachigua","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Reprod Health"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2022.106935","article-title":"Acceptability of an intravaginal ring for simultaneously preventing HIV infection and pregnancy: qualitative findings of the Kisumu combined ring study, 2019","volume":"122","author":"McLellan-Lemal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0285711","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285711","article-title":"Prospective acceptability of a multipurpose technology (MPT) implant in preclinical development to prevent HIV and unplanned pregnancy: qualitative insights from women end users and health care providers in South Africa and Zimbabwe","volume":"18","author":"Nkomo","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2021.0394","article-title":"Acceptability of a long-acting, multipurpose vaginal ring: findings from a phase I trial in the U.S. and Dominican republic","volume":"31","author":"Tolley","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Womens Health"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03756-9","article-title":"Couples\u2019 decision making regarding the use of multipurpose prevention technology (MPT) for pregnancy and HIV prevention","volume":"27","author":"Stoner","year":"2023","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25094","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25094","article-title":"The tablets, ring, injections as options (TRIO) study: what young African women chose and used for future HIV and pregnancy prevention","volume":"21","author":"van der Straten","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2078-5","article-title":"Young women\u2019s ratings of three placebo multipurpose prevention technologies for HIV and pregnancy prevention in a randomized, cross-over study in Kenya and South Africa","volume":"22","author":"Minnis","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s40834-020-00138-1","article-title":"Predictors of modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa: a mixed effects multilevel analysis of data from 29 demographic and health surveys","volume":"5","author":"Ahinkorah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contracept Reprod Med"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.09.029","article-title":"Designing a multipurpose technology for acceptability and adherence","volume":"100","author":"Tolley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2015.1376","article-title":"Ten years, forty decision aids, and thousands of patient uses: shared decision making at Massachusetts general hospital","volume":"35","author":"Sepucha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Aff"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2023.1244659\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T08:24:01Z","timestamp":1693556641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2023.1244659\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/frph.2023.1244659"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frph.2023.1244659","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-3153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-3153","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"article-number":"1244659"}}