{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T05:01:50Z","timestamp":1764306110191,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"Introduction<\/jats:title>Rates of urbanization in Ethiopia are high and adolescent girls and young women are predominant among those who move from rural to urban areas. Young women frequently undertake rural-urban migration on their own or with a friend, and with little planning for their initial settlement in the city. They frequently rely on job placement brokers to place them into jobs upon arrival, with positions such as domestic work normally including accommodation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This is a qualitative study undertaken at the two largest bus stages in Addis Ababa, which are points of arrival for a large number of migrants from rural areas. Three categories of respondents were interviewed in-depth: migrant young women who had arrived within the last few days, job placement brokers who are located in and around the bus station, and market women\/vendors at the bus stations who interact with both migrants and brokers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Migrant girls' point of arrival was an inflection point of risk, especially among girls who were on their own, not accompanied or met at the bus terminal and lacking in plans or preparation of accommodation. Such girls were targeted by thieves at the bus station and by unscrupulous brokers, some of whom forced girls into sexual relations before placing them into paid work. In contrast, market women and some well-meaning brokers took steps to protect girls such as providing temporary accommodation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>This research underscores the need for intensified support to rural-urban migrants to ensure safety and security at the time of arrival at their destination. This includes promotion of pre-migration education and planning; safety assets including sufficient money, cell phones and alternative contacts in the city; and arrangement for immediate, safe and secure accommodation. As a result of the study, a pilot program has been developed, using local resources to extend support for newly arriving migrant girls and young women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2024.1241571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T04:28:00Z","timestamp":1706070480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Young female migrants and job placement brokers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Annabel","family":"Erulkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyasu","family":"Hailu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"World Urbanization Prospects 2018: Highlights","year":"2018","key":"B1"},{"volume-title":"The Female Face of Migration in Sub-Saharan Africa","year":"2012","author":"Masanja","key":"B2"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1596\/32097","volume-title":"Internal Migration in Ethiopia: Evidence from a Quantitative and Qualitative Research Study","author":"Bundervoet","year":""},{"volume-title":"A Stranger in All Places\u201d: Patterns and Experiences of Mobility and Migration among Adolescents and Young People in Ethiopia, Young Lives Working Paper 194","year":"2021","author":"Birhanu","key":"B4"},{"key":"B5","first-page":"60","article-title":"\u201cGirls and boys have become the toys of everyone\u201d: interrogating the drivers and experiences of adolescent","volume":"4","author":"Workneh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ethiop J Hum Rights"},{"year":"2016","author":"De Regt","key":"B6"},{"volume-title":"Child Domestic Work and Transitions to Commercial Sexual Exploitation: Evidence from Ethiopia","year":"","key":"B7"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4762.2008.00799.x","article-title":"Poverty, migration and sex work: youth transition in Ethiopia","volume":"40","author":"van Blerk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Area"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1080\/13676260600805697","article-title":"Migration and vulnerability among adolescents in slum areas of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","volume":"9","author":"Erulkar","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Youth Stud"},{"key":"B10","unstructured":"CarsonS\n The Fletcher School, Tufts UniversityEnabling successful migration for youth in Addis Ababa2019"},{"year":"2018","key":"B11"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31899\/pgy11.1007","volume-title":"Girls on the Move: Adolescent Girls and Migration in the Developing World","author":"Temin","year":"2013"},{"volume-title":"Migration and Child Domestic Work: Evidence from Ethiopia","year":"","key":"B13"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31899\/pgy17.1010","volume-title":"Characteristics of Brokers in Relation to the Migration of Girls and Young Women in Ethiopia, Research Brief","author":"Erulkar","year":"2020"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0242176","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242176","article-title":"\u201cI was raped by the broker on the first day of my arrival in the town:\u201d exploring reasons for risky sexual behavior among sexually-active unmarried young female internal migrants in Ethiopia: a qualitative study","volume":"15","author":"Baru","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31899\/pgy15.1056","volume-title":"Domestic Work, Sexual Abuse and Exploitation In Tanzania","author":"Matheka","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2024.1241571\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T04:28:09Z","timestamp":1706070489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2024.1241571\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"references-count":16,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/frph.2024.1241571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frph.2024.1241571","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-3153"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2673-3153"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"article-number":"1241571"}}