{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:51:33Z","timestamp":1788349893727,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Maternal and Infant Environmental Health Riskscape (MIEHR) Center was established to address the interplay among chemical and non-chemical stressors in the biological, physical, social, and built environments that disproportionately impact perinatal health among Black pregnant people in a large and diverse urban area with documented disparities in the U.S.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The MIEHR cohort is recruiting non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic white pregnant people who deliver their infants at major obstetric hospitals in Houston, Texas. At enrollment, all participants are asked to provide urine samples for chemical [metals, cotinine, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)] analyses and blood samples. A subset of the cohort is asked to provide oral and vaginal swabs, and fecal samples. Questionnaire and electronic health record data gather information about residential address history during pregnancy, pregnancy history and prenatal care, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, experiences of discrimination and stress, and sources of social support. Using information on where a participant lived during their pregnancy, features of their neighborhood environment are characterized. We provide summaries of key individual- and neighborhood-level features of the entire cohort, as well as for Black and white participants separately.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between April 2021 and February 2023, 1,244 pregnant people were recruited. Nearly all participants provided urine samples and slightly less than half provided blood samples. PAH exposure patterns as assessed on 47% of participants thus far showed varying levels depending on metabolite as compared to previous studies. Additionally, analyses suggest differences between Black and white pregnant people in experiences of discrimination, stress, and levels of social support, as well as in neighborhood characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings to date highlight racial differences in experiences of discrimination, stress, and levels of support, as well as neighborhood characteristics. Recruitment of the cohort is ongoing and additional neighborhood metrics are being constructed. Biospecimens will be analyzed for metals and PAH metabolites (urine samples), miRNAs (plasma samples) and the microbiome (oral swabs). Once enrollment ends, formal assessments are planned to elucidate individual- and neighborhood-level features in the environmental riskscape that contribute to Black-White disparities in perinatal health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2024.1304717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T04:33:20Z","timestamp":1713760400000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Maternal and Infant Environmental Health Riskscape study of perinatal disparities in greater Houston: rationale, study design and participant profiles"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Elaine","family":"Symanski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina W.","family":"Whitworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector","family":"Mendez-Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kjersti M.","family":"Aagaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrien","family":"Chardon Fabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurunthachalam","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl L.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Coarfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Suter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamisu M.","family":"Salihu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","year":""},{"key":"B2","year":""},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E19","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.150464","article-title":"Comparison of black-white disparities in preterm birth between Canada and the United States","volume":"188","author":"McKinnon","year":"2016","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"B4","year":""},{"key":"B5","year":"2014"},{"key":"B6","year":"2019"},{"key":"B7","year":"2022"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.1999.00174.x","article-title":"Racial differences in birthweight for gestational age and infant mortality in extremely-low-risk US populations","volume":"13","author":"Alexander","year":"1999","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl125","article-title":"US Black vs white disparities in foetal growth: physiological or pathological?","volume":"35","author":"Kramer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1348889","article-title":"Racial and ethnic health disparities in reproductive medicine: an evidence-based overview","volume":"31","author":"Owen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.07.007","article-title":"Black-white disparities in preterm birth: geographic, social, and health determinants","volume":"57","author":"Thoma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2020.100104","article-title":"Racial disparities in prematurity persist among women of high socioeconomic status","volume":"2","author":"Johnson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e130","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001213","article-title":"649: racial and ethnic disparities in obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"126","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMms2025396","article-title":"How structural racism works\u2014racist policies as a root cause of U. 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