{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:03:30Z","timestamp":1759190610411,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition impacting men's quality of life and is often linked to cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Conventional treatments like phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors could be ineffective for severe cases, indicating a need for innovative approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a multimodal protocol combining low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST), intrapenile and intravenous umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSCs) therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in men with ED. A retrospective pragmatic observational study was performed by reviewing medical records of 22 men treated at a private clinic in Costa Rica. Erectile function was measured using the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire before treatment and three months post-treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The protocol significantly improved SHIM scores, with a mean increase of 3 points from baseline (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0017). No major adverse events were reported during follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The multimodal protocol demonstrated a significant improvement in erectile function with a favorable safety profile, suggesting potential as a viable option for patients with ED. Further prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2025.1601354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T05:26:36Z","timestamp":1759123596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancing penile function: the impact of a regenerative multimodal protocol on erectile dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Soto-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Pastora-Ses\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan 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