{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T05:29:11Z","timestamp":1766122151924,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risky sexual behaviour (RSB) among adolescents in Zimbabwe is a major public health issue, contributing to high rates of HIV, STIs, and unintended pregnancies. Interventions have been ineffective, especially in urban areas like Bulawayo, where \u201cVuzu parties\u201d worsen the situation. This study aims to assess the prevalence of RSB among high school students in Bulawayo, identify influencing factors, evaluate awareness of sexual health issues, and examine the accessibility and effectiveness of sexual health education from various stakeholders\u2019 perspectives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary study is a school-based, convergent mixed-methods design that includes a quantitative cross-sectional survey and a qualitative key informant study, conducted concurrently. A preliminary systematic review will inform the study's framework and instrument development. The quantitative phase will survey 400 students, selected through stratified random sampling from five schools in Bulawayo, using a self-administered questionnaire. The qualitative phase will consist of in-depth interviews with 10\u201315 teachers and healthcare workers. Quantitative data will be analysed with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests in SPSS version 28, while qualitative data will undergo thematic analysis. A joint display table will integrate the findings to identify areas of convergence, divergence, and complementarity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study will provide comprehensive data on the prevalence and drivers of RSB in Bulawayo's adolescents. Findings will inform the development of targeted school-based interventions and policies aimed at reducing RSB and improving sexual health outcomes. The study findings will be reported back to the public and health officials through community meetings and workshops.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2025.1744889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T05:17:11Z","timestamp":1766121431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring prevalence of risky sexual behavior among adolescents in selected high schools of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: a mixed-method study protocol"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Refiloi","family":"Ndlovu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Perez Livias","family":"Moyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.12968\/chhe.2022.3.5.229","article-title":"School-based sex education among adolescents worldwide: interventions for the prevention of STIs and unintended pregnancies","volume":"3","author":"Vaina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Child Health"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580961","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/580961","article-title":"A meta-analysis of risky sexual behaviour among male youth in developing countries","volume":"2015","author":"Berhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS Res Treat"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1177\/01632787211003950","article-title":"The sexual risk behaviors scale (SRBS): development & validation in a university student sample in the UK","volume":"44","author":"Fino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eval Health Prof"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-024-03166-0","article-title":"Determinants of teenage pregnancy in Malawi: a community-based case-control study","volume":"24","author":"Kalulu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09371-4","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice towards risky sexual behaviors among secondary and preparatory students of Metu town, south western Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Keto","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.17583\/qre.2021.6996","article-title":"Understand sexual risk behaviours in young adults and challenges in their education","volume":"10","author":"Alonso-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Qual Res Educ"},{"key":"B7","year":"2022"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"169","article-title":"Predictors of risky sexual behaviour among young people in the era of HIV\/AIDS: evidence from the 2008 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey III","volume":"17","author":"Letamo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Afr J Reprod Health"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s41256-020-00158-z","article-title":"Evidence on result-based financing in maternal and child health in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"James","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glob Health Res Policy"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.14196\/sjpas.v7i5.2541","article-title":"Management of risky adolescent sexual behaviour in rural secondary schools in Zimbabwe","volume":"7","author":"Sibanda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci J Pure Appl Sci"},{"key":"B11","year":"2024"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6708a1","article-title":"Youth risk behavior surveillance \u2014 United States, 2017","volume":"67","author":"Kann","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"B13","first-page":"80","article-title":"Exploring experiences of pregnant and mothering secondary school students in Tanzania","volume":"4","author":"Maluli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res Hum Soc Sci"},{"key":"B14","first-page":"10","article-title":"Adolescent sexual behaviour and practices in Nigeria: a twelve year review","volume-title":"Afrimedic J","author":"Aji","year":"2013"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/s0277-9536(02)00017-5","article-title":"Unsafe sexual behaviour in South African youth","volume":"56","author":"Eaton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.23880\/PPRIJ-16000281","article-title":"Perceived benefits of teenage risky behaviors. 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