{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:39:29Z","timestamp":1791581969306,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":191,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Reprod. Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The \u201cgut microbiota\u2013mitochondria axis\u201d has become the core hub connecting the metabolism, immunity, and endocrine regulation of gynecological diseases. In this review, the hierarchical regulation mechanism of this axis is systematically combed: at the upstream level, intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), tryptophan derivatives, and other metabolites can activate AMPK\/PGC-1\u03b1, FXR\/TGR5, and AhR-mediated energy sensing and receptor signaling pathways; On the functional level, bacterial lipopolysaccharide-TLR4 signal and cGAS\u2013STING\/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activated by cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can amplify innate immune response; At the effect level, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dynamics, and PINK1\/Parkin-mediated mitophagy are the common key nodes to regulate mitochondrial quality and inflammatory response. Combined with the two-way relationship between the estrobolome and steroid production, the above processes together form a self-reinforcing closed loop of \u201cmetabolic input-immune amplification-oxidative stress\/autophagy-endocrine regulation\u201d. Based on this theoretical framework, this paper analyzes the disease-specific correlations among polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, premature ovarian insufficiency, and gynecological malignancies, and puts forward a dual-targeted treatment idea with research value. The intervention plan with microbiota as the core aims to adjust the metabolite spectrum and endotoxin level; Mitochondria-centered interventions focus on restoring cell energy metabolism and apoptosis sensitivity. In addition, this review constructs a hierarchical research framework of \u201cmicrobiota-metabolomics-mitochondria\u201d to clarify the targeted phenotypes in the pathway, and provide guidance for subsequent clinical trial design and long-term monitoring. With the deep integration of multi-omics technology and targeted interventions, the gut microbiota\u2013mitochondria axis is expected to become an important breakthrough in precision medical treatment of gynecological diseases and build a brand-new bridge between basic mechanism research and clinical transformation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2026.1845581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:21:14Z","timestamp":1782908474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Orchestrating the gut microbiota\u2013mitochondrial\u2013immune axis in gynecological diseases: mechanisms and dual-targeting therapeutic strategies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Haixia","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengqiu","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiabao","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Kunming, Yunnan, China"]},{"name":"Medical Affairs Department, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450310","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1450310","article-title":"The gut microbiota: emerging biomarkers and potential treatments for infertility-related diseases","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-024-01184-z","article-title":"Alterations in gut and genital microbiota associated with gynecological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428242","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1428242","article-title":"The interplay between mitochondria, the gut microbiome and metabolites and their therapeutic potential in primary mitochondrial disease","volume":"15","author":"Zachos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030429","article-title":"The crosstalk between microbiome and mitochondrial homeostasis in neurodegeneration","volume":"12","author":"Borbolis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1894070","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.1894070","article-title":"The impact of the gut microbiota on the reproductive and metabolic endocrine system","volume":"13","author":"Qi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933110","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.933110","article-title":"Present and future: crosstalks between polycystic ovary syndrome and gut metabolites relating to gut microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300688","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202300688","article-title":"From gut to hormones: unraveling the role of gut Microbiota in (phyto)Estrogen modulation in health and disease","volume":"68","author":"Kumari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecular Nutrition Food Res"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2236749","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2236749","article-title":"Gut microbial beta-glucuronidase: a vital regulator in female estrogen metabolism","volume":"15","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919424","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.919424","article-title":"Mitochondrial function and microbial metabolites as central regulators of intestinal immune responses and cancer","volume":"13","author":"Weber-Stiehl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2020.109737","article-title":"Mitochondria, the gut microbiome and ROS","volume":"75","author":"Ballard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.06.013","article-title":"Mitochondrial perturbation in the intestine causes microbiota-dependent injury and gene signatures discriminative of inflammatory disease","volume":"32","author":"Urbauer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934113","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.934113","article-title":"Gut microbiota\u2013mitochondrial inter-talk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-01419","article-title":"The role of gut microbiota\u2013mitochondria crosstalk in neurodegeneration: underlying mechanisms and potential therapies","volume":"21","author":"Ju","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-06315-7","article-title":"Gut microbiota: a hidden player in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Senthilkumar","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508893","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1508893","article-title":"Gut microbiota: an emerging target connecting polycystic ovarian syndrome and insulin resistance","volume":"15","author":"Mei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5144","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26115144","article-title":"Gut Microbiota dysbiosis in endometriosis: a potential link to inflammation and disease progression","volume":"26","author":"Bau\u0219ic","year":"2025","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328419","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1328419","article-title":"Unraveling the microbial puzzle: exploring the intricate role of gut microbiota in endometriosis pathogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295394","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2295394","article-title":"The influence of the gut microbiome on ovarian aging","volume":"16","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2025.03.007","article-title":"Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) treatment triggers premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) via the activation of mitochondrial pathway apoptosis in granulosa cells","volume":"232","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.91131","article-title":"Glucose metabolism reprogramming in gynecologic malignant tumors","volume":"15","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056499","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1056499","article-title":"Editorial: microbiota and mitochondria: impact on cell signaling, physiology, and disease","volume":"13","author":"Chartoumpekis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798917","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.798917","article-title":"Interactions between intestinal microbiota and neural mitochondria: a new perspective on communicating pathway from gut to brain","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16619","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids: bridges between diet, gut microbiota, and health","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J of Gastro and Hepatol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169624","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1169624","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids and indoles: gut microbial metabolites with effects on enteroendocrine cell function and their potential as therapies for metabolic disease","volume":"14","author":"Masse","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9090848","article-title":"Microbiota-mitochondria inter-talk: a potential therapeutic strategy in obesity and type 2 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Vezza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106530","article-title":"The role of microbiota-mitochondria crosstalk in pathogenesis and therapy of intestinal diseases","volume":"186","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70168","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70168","article-title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis: pathogenesis, diseases, prevention, and therapy","volume":"6","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-020-0188-7","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids as potential regulators of skeletal muscle metabolism and function","volume":"2","author":"Frampton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-023-01215-2","article-title":"GPCRs involved in metabolic diseases: pharmacotherapeutic development updates","volume":"45","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00049.2019","article-title":"Molecular physiology of bile acid signaling in health, disease, and aging","volume":"101","author":"Perino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631552","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.631552","article-title":"The role of gut microbial \u03b2-glucuronidase in estrogen reactivation and breast cancer","volume":"9","author":"Sui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-019-0016-5","article-title":"Tryptophan metabolism as a common therapeutic target in cancer, neurodegeneration and beyond","volume":"18","author":"Platten","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476908","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1476908","article-title":"Gut microbiota: a novel target for exercise-mediated regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3758","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11233758","article-title":"NLRP3 And gut microbiota homeostasis: progress in research","volume":"11","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01504-1","article-title":"The interaction of inflammasomes and gut microbiota: novel therapeutic insights","volume":"22","author":"Manshouri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01185-3","article-title":"Mitochondrial electron transport chain is necessary for NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"23","author":"Billingham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"EMBR201949799","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201949799","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA in inflammation and immunity","volume":"21","author":"Riley","year":"2020","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.03.017","article-title":"Interactions between gut microbes and NLRP3 inflammasome in the gut-brain axis","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput Struct Biotechnol J"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-020-0167-x","article-title":"Inflammasome activation and regulation: toward a better understanding of complex mechanisms","volume":"6","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Discov"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab035","article-title":"The role of gut and genital microbiota and the estrobolome in endometriosis, infertility and chronic pelvic pain","volume":"28","author":"Salliss","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749979","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.749979","article-title":"NLRP3 Inflammasome activation of mast cells by estrogen via the nuclear-initiated signaling pathway contributes to the development of endometriosis","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-025-00505-5","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12010160","article-title":"Protective role of short-chain fatty acids against ang- II-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in brain endothelial cells: a potential role of heme oxygenase 2","volume":"12","author":"Kassan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-022-2283-4","article-title":"High-fat diet impairs gut barrier through intestinal microbiota-derived reactive oxygen species","volume":"67","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci China Life Sci"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102316","article-title":"Role of the gut\u2013muscle axis in mitochondrial function of ageing muscle under different exercise modes","volume":"98","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010232","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.1010232","article-title":"Mitochondrial dynamics involves molecular and mechanical events in motility, fusion and fission","volume":"10","author":"Green","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2021.106013","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction as a driver of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its modulation through mitophagy for potential therapeutics","volume":"136","author":"Mishra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-00659-x","article-title":"The role of mitophagy in innate immune responses triggered by mitochondrial stress","volume":"18","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2023.105488","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids increase fat oxidation and promote browning through \u03b23-adrenergic receptor\/AMP-activated protein kinase \u03b1 signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes","volume":"103","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.112129","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into impaired \u03b2-oxidation and its role in mitochondrial dysfunction: a comprehensive review","volume":"223","author":"Aqeel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70657","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70657","article-title":"AMPK\/SIRT1\/PGC-1\u03b1 signaling pathway: molecular mechanisms and targeted strategies from energy homeostasis regulation to disease therapy","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6547","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26146547","article-title":"The critical role of the bile acid receptor TGR5 in energy homeostasis: insights into physiology and therapeutic potential","volume":"26","author":"Zangerolamo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595486","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1595486","article-title":"Bile acid-mediated gut-liver axis crosstalk: the role of nuclear receptor signaling in dynamic regulation of inflammatory networks","volume":"16","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G554","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00223.2019","article-title":"Bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5 signaling in fatty liver diseases and therapy","volume":"318","author":"Chiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointestinal Liver Physiol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13123","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713123","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS: insights into reproductive organ pathophysiology","volume":"24","author":"Siemers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36981-4","article-title":"Gut microbiota alters host bile acid metabolism to contribute to intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy","volume":"14","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-025-01396-6","article-title":"Microbial metabolite indole-3-propionic acid drives mitochondrial respiration in CD4+ T cells to confer protection against intestinal inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70703","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70703","article-title":"The kynurenine pathway and indole pathway in tryptophan metabolism influence tumor progression","volume":"14","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0414-4","article-title":"The kynurenine pathway: a finger in every pie","volume":"25","author":"Savitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99226","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.99226.2","article-title":"Kynurenine monooxygenase blockade reduces endometriosis-like lesions, improves visceral hyperalgesia, and rescues mice from a negative behavioural phenotype in experimental endometriosis","volume":"13","author":"Higgins","year":"2024","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877807","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.877807","article-title":"Abnormal activation of tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-023-03374-w","article-title":"Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation: a narrative review","volume":"19","author":"Di Vincenzo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microb.2025.100414","article-title":"Concomitant inhibition of TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages regulates lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Samanta","year":"2025","journal-title":"The Microbe"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.2147\/ITT.S494550","article-title":"The regulatory network of transcription factors in macrophage polarization","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunotargets Ther"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-023-00965-7","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial DNA release and activation of the cGAS-STING pathway","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447719","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1447719","article-title":"The cGAS-STING pathway and female reproductive system diseases","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6016","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.70119","article-title":"Glutamine limits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in macrophages by sustaining the IRG1\/itaconate axis","volume":"292","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651063","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1651063","article-title":"Th17\/treg imbalance in inflammatory bowel disease: immunological mechanisms and microbiota-driven regulation","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18829","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69512-2","article-title":"NLRP3-mediated IL-1\u03b2 in regulating the imbalance between Th17 and Treg in experimental autoimmune prostatitis","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708358","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1708358","article-title":"Targeting persistently activated inflammatory microenvironment to promote chronic wound healing","volume":"16","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525736","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1525736","article-title":"cGAS\/STING signaling pathway in gynecological malignancies: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic values","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13080985","article-title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and epigenetic alterations in metabolic diseases","volume":"13","author":"Mostafavi Abdolmaleky","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328324","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1328324","article-title":"The role of gut microbiota in intestinal disease: from an oxidative stress perspective","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-024-01513-9","article-title":"The role of PINK1\u2013Parkin in mitochondrial quality control","volume":"26","author":"Narendra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/s44318-025-00604-z","article-title":"A unified mechanism for mitochondrial damage sensing in PINK1-Parkin\u2013mediated mitophagy","volume":"45","author":"Thayer","year":"2026","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvaf079","article-title":"Ubiquitin signaling in PINK1\/Parkin-dependent mitophagy","volume":"179","author":"Okatsu","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Biochem"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.102704","article-title":"The interaction between E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin and mitophagy receptor PHB2 links inner mitochondrial membrane ubiquitination to efficient mitophagy","volume":"298","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1080\/27694127.2022.2143214","article-title":"Parkin-dependent mitophagy occurs via proteasome-dependent steps sequentially targeting separate mitochondrial sub-compartments for autophagy","volume":"1","author":"Lechado-Terradas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Autophagy Rep"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-025-00758-y","article-title":"Intracerebral administration of hydrogen sulfide impairs bioenergetics, redox status and mitochondrial quality control in rat striatum","volume":"43","author":"Marcuzzo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurotox Res"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13090","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713090","article-title":"Sodium butyrate as key regulator of mitochondrial function and barrier integrity of human glomerular endothelial cells","volume":"24","author":"Nicese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4549","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S468609","article-title":"Novel insights into parkin\u2013mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and \u201cmito-inflammation\u201d in \u03b1-synuclein toxicity. The role of the cGAS\u2013STING signalling pathway","volume":"17","author":"G\u0105ssowska-Dobrowolska","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2024.2322421","article-title":"Aging STINGs: mitophagy at the crossroads of neuroinflammation","volume":"20","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Loygorri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363080","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1363080","article-title":"Unraveling the relationship between gut microbiota and site-specific endometriosis: a Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02975-8","article-title":"Perturbations in gut microbiota composition in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384233","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1384233","article-title":"The gut microbial composition in polycystic ovary syndrome with hyperandrogenemia and its association with steroid hormones","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-024-03513-z","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome induces metabolic disorders and ovarian dysfunction in germ-free mice","volume":"24","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549499","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1549499","article-title":"Systematic review of gut microbiota composition, metabolic alterations, and the effects of treatments on PCOS and gut microbiota across human and animal studies","volume":"16","author":"Hanna","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-03855-w","article-title":"Association between premature ovarian insufficiency and gut microbiota","volume":"21","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183219","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1183219","article-title":"Association between gut microbiota and primary ovarian insufficiency: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-06966-6","article-title":"Mitochondria-driven inflammation: a new frontier in ovarian ageing","volume":"23","author":"Ju","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606001","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1606001","article-title":"Gut microbiota: emerging biomarkers and potential therapeutics for premature ovarian failure","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771546","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2026.1771546","article-title":"The inflammatory clock: how cGAS-STING ticks in the aging ovary","volume":"14","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902695","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.902695","article-title":"Gut microbes in gynecologic cancers: causes or biomarkers and therapeutic potential","volume":"12","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13080717","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum: an overview of evidence, demi-decadal trends, and its role in adverse pregnancy outcomes and Various gynecological diseases, including cancers","volume":"13","author":"Ghosh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4281","DOI":"10.1038\/s44319-024-00232-4","article-title":"Drp1 splice variants regulate ovarian cancer mitochondrial dynamics and tumor progression","volume":"25","author":"Javed","year":"2024","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734792","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1734792","article-title":"Critical role of reproductive tract microbiota and derived metabolites in inflammation, tumor immunity, and tumorigenesis of gynecological cancers: a narrative review","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3001556","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001556","article-title":"Systematically assessing microbiome\u2013disease associations identifies drivers of inconsistency in metagenomic research","volume":"20","author":"Tierney","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2569739","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2025.2569739","article-title":"Gut microbiome metagenomics in clinical practice: bridging the gap between research and precision medicine","volume":"17","author":"Tegegne","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.123221","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: recent research and therapeutic advancements","volume":"359","author":"Dilliyappan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102884","article-title":"Gut microbiota in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an individual based analysis of publicly available data","volume":"77","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"eClinicalMed"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22184","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-25041-4","article-title":"Gut microbiome in PCOS associates to serum metabolomics: a cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960274","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.960274","article-title":"Follicular fluid lipidomic profiling reveals potential biomarkers of polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study","volume":"13","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3916","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16223916","article-title":"Effectiveness of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in managing insulin resistance and hormonal imbalance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a systematic review of randomized clinical trials","volume":"16","author":"Martinez Guevara","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526468","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1526468","article-title":"Metabolic disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome: from gut microbiota biodiversity to clinical intervention","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-024-07833-3","article-title":"Six-month randomized, placebo controlled trial of synbiotic supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing lifestyle modifications","volume":"311","author":"Chudzicka-Struga\u0142a","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5842","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14165842","article-title":"A pilot randomized control trial evaluating the feasibility of a 12-week Mediterranean diet intervention without caloric restriction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Scannell","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-023-01294-6","article-title":"Probiotic vs. Placebo and metformin: probiotic dietary intervention in polycystic ovary syndrome\u2014a randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Borzan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137089","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1137089","article-title":"E. coli Nissle 1917 ameliorates mitochondrial injury of granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome through promoting gut immune factor IL-22 via gut microbiota and microbial metabolism","volume":"14","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659783","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1659783","article-title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis in polycystic ovary syndrome: focus on diet, probiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.119434","article-title":"Treatment of Qin Gui Wan (QGW) in PCOS abnormal oocytes development via AMPK\/PGC-1\u0251 pathway","volume":"342","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854796","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.854796","article-title":"Modified banxia xiexin decoction ameliorates polycystic ovarian syndrome with insulin resistance by regulating intestinal microbiota","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-026-02097-5","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying reproductive dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-024-04202-4","article-title":"NF-\u03baB signaling is the major inflammatory pathway for inducing insulin resistance","volume":"15","author":"Mobeen","year":"2025","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab078","article-title":"NAD+ deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction in granulosa cells of women with polycystic ovary syndrome\u2021","volume":"105","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.11665\/j.issn.1000-5048.2025030301","article-title":"Biomarker identification and mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome based on multi-omics analysis","volume":"56","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J China Pharmaceutical Univ"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mocell.2024.100164","article-title":"Female reproductive disease, endometriosis: from inflammation to infertility","volume":"48","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62020351","article-title":"Gut microbiota alterations and reproductive tract dysbiosis in endometriosis: a systematic review","volume":"62","author":"Crestani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Medicina (B Aires)"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03503-y","article-title":"Gut microbiome in endometriosis: a cohort study on 1000 individuals","volume":"22","author":"P\u00e9rez-Prieto","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47070502","article-title":"Unraveling the contribution of estrobolome alterations to endometriosis pathogenesis","volume":"47","author":"Nannini","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552134","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1552134","article-title":"Association between endometriosis and gut microbiota: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Yuanyue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13050868","article-title":"Similarities in pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the bidirectional relationship between endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"13","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-03334-4","article-title":"Evaluation of microecological therapy in endometriosis through modulation of the gut microbiota","volume":"30","author":"Qiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144323","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1144323","article-title":"Astaxanthin ameliorates inflammation, oxidative stress, and reproductive outcomes in endometriosis patients undergoing assisted reproduction: a randomized, triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"14","author":"Rostami","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70161","article-title":"Clinical trial: effect of a 28-day low FODMAP diet on gastrointestinal symptoms associated with endometriosis (EndoFOD)\u2014a randomised, controlled crossover feeding study","volume":"61","author":"Varney","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-025-09405-5","article-title":"The role of probiotics in the treatment of endometriosis (ProMetrioS): a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled cross-over trial","volume":"27","author":"Kralj","year":"2026","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"B126","year":""},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261781","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1261781","article-title":"Estrobolome dysregulation is associated with altered immunometabolism in a mouse model of endometriosis","volume":"14","author":"Alghetaa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.3390\/life15050762","article-title":"The role of the gut Microbiota in female reproductive and gynecological health: insights into endometrial signaling pathways","volume":"15","author":"Escorcia Mora","year":"2025","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13833","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13833","article-title":"Platelet rich plasma alleviates endometritis induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice via inhibiting TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2022.103649","article-title":"NLRP3 Activated macrophages promote endometrial stromal cells migration in endometriosis","volume":"152","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-01840-8","article-title":"IP3R2-mediated Ca2+ release promotes LPS-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis via the activation of NLRP3\/Caspase-1\/GSDMD pathway","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2023.111952","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis induce Notch signal activation in endometriosis angiogenesis","volume":"574","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70132","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.70132","article-title":"ATP\/P2x4 regulates inflammation and oxidative stress in endometriosis through NLRP3 inflammasome\u2013dependent mechanisms","volume":"94","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"American J Rep Immunol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734367","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1734367","article-title":"Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic potential of the microbiome in premature ovarian insufficiency","volume":"16","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505958","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1505958","article-title":"The depletion of gut microbiome impairs the beneficial effect of Gui-Shen-Wan in restoring mice ovarian function and associated protein expression of ovarian tissues","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-04097-y","article-title":"Probiotics may improve vaginal microbiota, metabolic disorders and ovarian function-related markers by modulating gut microbiota in POI mice","volume":"25","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2025.09.006","article-title":"The microbiota extends the reproductive lifespan of mice by safeguarding the ovarian reserve","volume":"33","author":"Munyoki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0313763","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0313763","article-title":"Human placental mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates premature ovarian insufficiency via modulating gut microbiota and suppressing the inflammation in rats","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3592","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103592","article-title":"Mitochondrial function in modulating human Granulosa cell steroidogenesis and female fertility","volume":"21","author":"Sreerangaraja Urs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14010034","article-title":"\u03b2-nicotinamide mononucleotide reduces oxidative stress and improves steroidogenesis in granulosa cells associated with sheep prolificacy via activating AMPK pathway","volume":"14","author":"Cai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14060749","article-title":"Ferroptosis and sterol biosynthesis dysregulation in granulosa cells of patients with diminished ovarian reserve","volume":"14","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253347","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2023.2253347","article-title":"Interleukin-22 promotes proliferation and reverses LPS-induced apoptosis and steroidogenesis attenuation in human ovarian granulosa cells: implications for polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361289","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1361289","article-title":"Mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian aging and potential interventions","volume":"15","author":"Ju","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645711","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1645711","article-title":"The role of mitophagy in female reproductive system diseases: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.142368","article-title":"Immp2l gene knockout induces granulosa cell senescence by activation of cGAS-STING pathway via TFAM-mediated mtDNA leakage","volume":"307","author":"Pan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/s41514-026-00359-9","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure by attenuating granulosa cell senescence and modulating the mtDNA-cGAS pathway","volume":"12","author":"Su","year":"2026","journal-title":"npj Aging"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3999","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13163999","article-title":"Gut microbiota dynamics during chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer patients are related to therapeutic outcome","volume":"13","author":"D\u2019Amico","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2021.144","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum: a new player in regulation of cancer development and therapeutic response","volume":"5","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670836","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1670836","article-title":"Research progress of probiotics intervention on reconstruction of intestinal flora and improvement of quality of life in patients after endometrial cancer surgery","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-04183-y","article-title":"Microbiota boost immunotherapy? A meta-analysis dives into fecal microbiota transplantation and immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B151","author":"Chambers","year":""},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.09.042","article-title":"Assessment of probiotic and prebiotic use in gynecologic cancer patients: a systematic review","volume":"234","author":"Chalif","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1649438","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1649438","article-title":"Communication between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the tumor microenvironment","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2024.150738","article-title":"Impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation induces CD8+ T cell exhaustion","volume":"734","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5224","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14215224","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming in tumor-associated macrophages in the ovarian tumor microenvironment","volume":"14","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00785-1","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics","volume":"26","author":"T\u00e1bara","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35427","article-title":"The estrobolome: estrogen-metabolizing pathways of the gut microbiome and their relation to breast cancer","volume":"157","author":"Larnder","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-026-10318-1","article-title":"Shaping death: how the microbiome regulates tumour cell demise and therapy response","volume":"45","author":"Raudenska","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.102194","article-title":"Cytochrome c and cancer cell metabolism: a new perspective","volume":"32","author":"Alshehri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-022-00766-z","article-title":"Targeting ATAD3A-PINK1-mitophagy axis overcomes chemoimmunotherapy resistance by redirecting PD-L1 to mitochondria","volume":"33","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2024.189249","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA-activated cGAS-STING pathway in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"1880","author":"Xia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156158","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA release and cGAS-STING activation: emerging insights into anti-tumor immunity","volume":"273","author":"Aloraini","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709581","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1709581","article-title":"Multi-omics elucidation of lactiplantibacillus plantarum NKK20 in preventing PCOS via the gut-ovary axis: SCFAs-mediated microbiota-metabolite-immune crosstalk","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713258","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1713258","article-title":"Modulation of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids by probiotics attenuates inflammation in endometriosis","volume":"16","author":"Dong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2412558","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202412558","article-title":"Gut microbiota modulation by inulin improves metabolism and ovarian function in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Geng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12010004","article-title":"Butyrate improves neuroinflammation and mitochondrial impairment in cerebral cortex and synaptic fraction in an animal model of diet-induced obesity","volume":"12","author":"Cavaliere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11102407","article-title":"Microbiota transplant and gynecological disorders: the bridge between present and future treatments","volume":"11","author":"Martinelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2030415","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.30415","article-title":"Effects of fecal microbiome transfer in adolescents with obesity: the gut bugs randomized controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Leong","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684492","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1684492","article-title":"Gut-ovary axis in polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanistic insights and gut microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00060-22","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00060-22","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation: current challenges and future landscapes","volume":"37","author":"Yadegar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-021-06230-4","article-title":"The effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ10 on redox signaling pathway components in PCOS mouse model","volume":"305","author":"Salahi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10040800","article-title":"In Vitro effects of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in a small-cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcemic type and in type 1 and type 2 endometrial cancer","volume":"10","author":"Castel\u00f4a","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-025-01387-7","article-title":"NAD+ precursor supplementation in human ageing: clinical evidence and challenges","volume":"7","author":"Vinten","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70846","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202500921R","article-title":"Reverse effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation on declining quality of oocytes with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"39","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907209","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.907209","article-title":"Urolithin A attenuates hyperuricemic nephropathy in fructose-fed mice by impairing STING-NLRP3 axis-mediated inflammatory response via restoration of parkin-dependent mitophagy","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189453","article-title":"Intricate role of DRP1 and associated mitochondrial fission signaling in carcinogenesis and cancer progression","volume":"1880","author":"Mishra","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1356","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1356","article-title":"Interactions between toll-like receptors signaling pathway and gut microbiota in host homeostasis","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immun Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2017.03.013","article-title":"PINK1 and Parkin: emerging themes in mitochondrial homeostasis","volume":"45","author":"McWilliams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2021.2023740","article-title":"Implication of mitochondrial ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome axis during two-hit mediated acute lung injury in mice","volume":"56","author":"Puri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Free Radical Res"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676550","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1676550","article-title":"Comprehensive real-time metabolic profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals important methodological considerations for immunometabolism research","volume":"16","author":"Macleod","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734041","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1734041","article-title":"BMI-stratified phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome: advances in gut microbiota research and personalized management strategies","volume":"17","author":"Su","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0061-2","article-title":"You are what you eat: diet, health and the gut microbiota","volume":"16","author":"Zmora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.premed.2025.100018","article-title":"Microbiome-guided precision medicine: mechanistic insights, multi-omics integration, and translational horizons","volume":"3","author":"Shahid","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Precision Med Health Dis"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753651","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1753651","article-title":"Inflammasomes meet organoids and artificial intelligence: unraveling the complexity of gynecological inflammation","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-025-10304-z","article-title":"Spatial omics: applications and utility in profiling the tumor microenvironment","volume":"44","author":"See","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-68003-w","article-title":"Spatially resolved integrative analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic changes in tissue injury studies","volume":"17","author":"Williams","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11539","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-66706-8","article-title":"Single-cell and spatially resolved omics reveal transcriptional and metabolic signatures of ovarian endometriomas","volume":"16","author":"Qi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01516-24","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01516-24","article-title":"Variation in the metagenomic analysis of fecal microbiome composition calls for a standardized operating approach","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0029-9","article-title":"Best practices for analysing microbiomes","volume":"16","author":"Knight","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e03549-23","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03549-23","article-title":"The microbiome compositional and functional differences between rectal mucosa and feces","volume":"12","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5968","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-31840-0","article-title":"Application of Mendelian randomization to explore the causal role of the human gut microbiome in colorectal cancer","volume":"13","author":"Hatcher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2026.1845581\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:21:18Z","timestamp":1782908478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/frph.2026.1845581\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":191,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/frph.2026.1845581"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frph.2026.1845581","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-3153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-3153","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"article-number":"1845581"}}