{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T15:35:04Z","timestamp":1783524904949,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Sleep"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the prevalence of various parasomnias in the general Norwegian adult population and explore their associations with insomnia, anxiety, and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in September 2024 among 1002 adults (50.7% male, mean age 50.3), drawn from a large population-based sample from a national web panel. Participants reported lifetime and past 3-month (current) prevalence of eleven different parasomnias, including both NREM- and REM-related subtypes. Validated instruments assessed insomnia (Bergen Insomnia Scale), anxiety and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-4). Associations were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regressions, adjusting for age, sex, educational level, and circadian preference. Response rate was 19.8%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lifetime prevalence of the parasomnias ranged from 2.3% (sleep-related eating disorder) to 47.2% (nightmares), while current prevalence ranged from 1.0% (injured somebody else during sleep) to 33.1% (nightmares). Insomnia, anxiety, and depression were associated with most of the parasomnias [e.g., nightmares-anxiety (OR 1.58; CI 1.42\u20131.74)]. Parasomnias were more common in younger participants, while sex differences were few.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many of the parasomnias were commonly reported and strongly associated with insomnia and mental health symptoms. These findings underscore the need for increased clinical awareness and further research on parasomnias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frsle.2026.1806980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:22:27Z","timestamp":1776918147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of different parasomnias in the general Norwegian population, and their association with insomnia, anxiety, and depression. A cross-sectional web-panel survey"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Erlend Haarr","family":"Drugli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskar Emil","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e5le","family":"Pallesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingvild West","family":"Saxvig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siri","family":"Waage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn","family":"Bjorvatn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22589","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease","volume":"24","author":"Aarsland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov. 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