{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:32:56Z","timestamp":1753893176728,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Transplant."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kidney perfusion is a tool that allows organs to be assessed before transplantation. After brain death (BD), hormonal dysfunction can compromise graft quality. Hormonal treatment of donors has shown positive outcomes, and treatment during ex vivo perfusion may be advantageous. The combination of 17\u03b2-estradiol (E2) and methylprednisolone (MP) has been shown to modulate inflammation in donors. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate treatment with E2 and MP during isolated perfusion of kidneys in brain-dead male and female rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Female and male Wistar rats were submitted to BD and maintained for 4\u2005h. In the same animal, the right kidney [RK\u2014no isolated perfusion of kidney (IPK)] was removed and stored, while the left kidney (LK\u2014with IPK) had the ureter and the renal artery cannulated and flushed with 5\u2005ml of cold saline. The LK was then taken directly to the IPK system for 90\u2005min. Experimental groups were performed in both male and female: IPK (without treatment) and IPK\u2009+\u2009Treat (MP and E2 added to the perfusate). Perfusion was performed with a constant pressure of 100\u2005mmHg, using William's Medium E supplemented with HEPES, creatinine, and albumin as perfusate. Perfusate and urine were collected, and flow measurements were recorded. After IPK, the LK was stored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>IL-6 was reduced in all perfused groups, regardless of treatment. In female IPK\u2009+\u2009Treat, there was a reduction in perfusion flow, followed by reduced creatinine clearance and Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> excretion. No difference was observed in males in regards to treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The combined treatment of E2 and MP during isolated kidney perfusion compromised kidney function in females. In males, no detrimental effects were observed. These results show a sex-dependent action of the proposed treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frtra.2025.1595766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T05:45:53Z","timestamp":1748583953000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Males and females respond differently to treatment during isolated kidney perfusion: combined effects of glucocorticoid and estradiol"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Marina","family":"Vidal-dos-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Armstrong-Jr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayara Munhoz","family":"de Assis Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas Ferreira","family":"da Anuncia\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Yamamoto","family":"Ricardo-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiano de Jesus","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra J.","family":"Ottens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz Felipe Pinho","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henri G. 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