{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:16:36Z","timestamp":1789661796839,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":180,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Transplant."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic \u03b2-cells, and while whole-organ pancreas and islet transplantation can restore endogenous insulin secretion, both are limited by donor scarcity, early inflammatory injury, hypoxia, and the need for lifelong immunosuppression. Pancreatic tissue engineering has therefore emerged as a strategy to generate scalable, transplantable constructs capable of reestablishing physiological glucose regulation. However, as native islets depend on a robust microvascular network for oxygen delivery, nutrients and coordinated hormone secretion, insufficient vascularization remains the dominant cause of engineered graft failure. This review provides an overview of (a) the current state of pancreas transplant, (b) strategies for vascularized and immunoprotective pancreatic constructs, (c) cell differentiation strategies beyond of pancreatic \u03b2-cells, (d) translational progress in animal and human clinical trials, (e) key challenges in clinical translation, (f) ethical and regulatory considerations, and (g) future directions for tissue engineered pancreatic constructs. Our goal is to provide the reader with a translational overview that spans biology, tissue engineering, and clinical translation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This translational review provides a concise review of tissue engineering efforts to date within the context of engineered pancreatic constructs. Our paper systematically and logically discusses current developments, challenges, and novel approaches in pancreatic tissue engineering. It provides a digestible starting point for understanding the various approaches and the implications of successful tissue engineering strategies that can be used to develop transplantable pancreatic constructs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/frtra.2026.1768497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T06:22:35Z","timestamp":1780899755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pancreatic tissue engineering: towards a vascularized bioengineered cure for diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ji Ho","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, PA, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","place":["Hershey, PA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khadijat A.","family":"Olawuyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, PA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neekita R.","family":"Jikaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, PA, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","place":["Hershey, PA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jazzmyn S.","family":"Dawes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, PA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishak E.","family":"Dabsha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine","place":["Hershey, PA, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Biology, School of Science, Engineering and Tech, Penn State Harrisburg","place":["Middletown, PA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 A.","family":"Dick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Transplant Surgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital","place":["Seattle, WA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dino J.","family":"Ravnic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irvin S. 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