{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:03:40Z","timestamp":1790053420190,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Urol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>According to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, the abstinence period for a semen analysis is 2 to 7 days. Other professional medical societies recommend shorter abstinence periods. Since sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is positively associated with oxidative stress, age and abstinence, this study aimed at investigating a threshold of abstinence for the diagnostic use of SDF testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective study, SDF (HaloSperm) and oxidative stress (MiOXSYS) were tested in 2782 consecutive patients, attending the Department of Urology at Hamad Medical Corporation in Doha, Qatar. Patients were stratified according to the abstinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results showed significant trends of higher SDF and oxidative stress with longer periods of abstinence. ROC curve analysis with 20% SDF as classification variable resulted in thresholds of &amp;gt;4 days for abstinence, &amp;gt;37 years for age and 59.9 mV for oxidation-reduction potential. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed abstinence, age and oxidative stress as strong independent predictors of high SDF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When requesting and interpreting an SDF test, abstinence, age and oxidative stress have to be considered. A maximum of 4 days of abstinence is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fruro.2026.1926391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:21:33Z","timestamp":1790050893000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of sperm DNA fragmentation with abstinence duration, seminal oxidative stress and age: a call to consider abstinence in andrological diagnostics"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ralf","family":"Henkel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LogixX Fertility, Theale","place":["Berkshire, United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape","place":["Bellville, South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Arafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation","place":["Doha, Qatar"]},{"name":"Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar","place":["Doha, Qatar"]},{"name":"Department of Andrology, Cairo University","place":["Cairo, Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Majzoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation","place":["Doha, Qatar"]},{"name":"Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar","place":["Doha, Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham","family":"El\u00a0Bardisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation","place":["Doha, Qatar"]},{"name":"Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar","place":["Doha, Qatar"]},{"name":"College of Medicine, Qatar University","place":["Doha, Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mausumi","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glasgow Royal Infirmary & University of Glasgow","place":["Glasgow, United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Assisted Conception Unit, Imperial College","place":["London, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Infertility Prevalence Estimates, 1990\u20132021","year":"2023"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0092623x.2014.958789","article-title":"The impact of infertility on the psychological well-being, marital relationships, sexual relationships, and quality of life of couples: A systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Luk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sex Marital Ther"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042951","article-title":"Economic costs of infertility care for patients in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol","volume":"10","author":"Njagi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoad007","article-title":"Financial costs of assisted reproductive technology for patients in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"2023","author":"Njagi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0318780","article-title":"Financial cost of assisted reproductive technology for patients in high-income countries: A systematic review protocol","volume":"20","author":"Njagi","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"Infecundity, Infertility, and Childlessness in Developing Countries. 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