{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T23:46:42Z","timestamp":1778802402217,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Sports Act. Living"],"DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2019.00002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T12:44:15Z","timestamp":1562762655000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Effectiveness of Protective Headgear in Attenuating Ball-to-Forehead Impacts in Water Polo"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Cecchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theophil J.","family":"Oros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek C.","family":"Monroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianna M.","family":"Fote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wyatt X.","family":"Moscoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Reinkensmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2174\/1875399X01205010141","article-title":"Throwing velocity and efficacy during water polo matches","volume":"5","author":"Abraldes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Open Sports Sci. J."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i56","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.058271","article-title":"Is protective equipment useful in preventing concussion? A systematic review of the literature","volume":"43","author":"Benson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2016.00098","article-title":"The epidemiology of sports-related head injury and concussion in water polo","volume":"7","author":"Blumenfeld","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"B4","first-page":"220","article-title":"The efficacy of soccer headgear","volume":"38","author":"Broglio","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Athl. Train."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1080\/15438627.2016.1230549","article-title":"Reducing purposeful headers from goal kicks and punts may reduce cumulative exposure to head acceleration","volume":"24","author":"Caccese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res. Sports Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0216369","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216369","article-title":"Head impacts sustained by male collegiate water polo athletes","volume":"14","author":"Cecchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.8.JNS112298","article-title":"Spectrum of acute clinical characteristics of diagnosed concussions in college athletes wearing instrumented helmets","volume":"117","author":"Duhaime","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e318201f53e","article-title":"Biomechanics of sport concussion: quest for the elusive injury threshold","volume":"39","author":"Guskiewicz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exer. Sport Sci. Rev."},{"key":"B9","unstructured":"JohnsonG.\n          Padded Caps Prohibited in Men's and Women's Water Polo2014"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200609000-00001","article-title":"The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: a brief overview","volume":"21","author":"Langlois","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabilit."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-52.1.14","article-title":"Long-term cognitive and neuropsychiatric consequences of repetitive concussion and head-impact exposure","volume":"52","author":"McAllister","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Athlet. Train."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095094","article-title":"Boxing headguard performance in punch machine tests","volume":"49","author":"McIntosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.071720","article-title":"Sports injuries and illnesses in the 2009 FINA World Championships (Aquatics)","volume":"44","author":"Mountjoy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078933.84527.AE","article-title":"Linear and angular head accelerations during heading of a soccer ball","volume":"35","author":"Naunheim","year":"","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exer."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2003.tb01983.x","article-title":"Does soccer headgear attenuate the impact when heading a soccer ball?","volume":"10","author":"Naunheim","year":"","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"B16","unstructured":"2013"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2015.1084035","article-title":"A comparison of the capacity of ice hockey goaltender masks for the protection from puck impacts","volume":"14","author":"Nur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sport Biomech."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2016.1161073","article-title":"Impact attenuation of protective boxing and taekwondo headgear","volume":"16","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Sport. Sci."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091416","article-title":"Safety performance evaluation of taekwondo headgear","volume":"47","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Sport. Med"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-012-0731-0","article-title":"Brain injury prediction: assessing the combined probability of concussion using linear and rotational head acceleration","volume":"41","author":"Rowson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5169","article-title":"Correlation of concussion symptom profile with head impact biomechanics: a case for individual-specific injury tolerance","volume":"35","author":"Rowson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.021584","article-title":"Serum concentrations of two biochemical markers of brain tissue damage S-100B and neurone specific enolase are increased in elite female soccer players after a competitive game","volume":"40","author":"St\u00e5lnacke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050410001671865","article-title":"Playing soccer increases serum concentrations of the biochemical markers of brain damage S-100B and neuron-specific enolase in elite players: a pilot study","volume":"18","author":"St\u00e5lnacke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"B24","first-page":"646","article-title":"Sport-specific motor fitness tests in water polo: reliability, validity and playing position differences","volume":"12","author":"Uljevic","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000433","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000433","article-title":"Heading in soccer increases serum neurofilament light protein and SCAT3 symptom metrics","volume":"4","author":"Wallace","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exer. Med."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300203","article-title":"Three-dimensional cinematographic analysis of water polo throwing in elite performers","volume":"13","author":"Whiting","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.5836","article-title":"Association of acute increase in plasma neurofilament light with repetitive subconcussive head impacts: a pilot randomized control trial. J. Neurotrauma","volume":"36","author":"Wirsching","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Sports and Active Living"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fspor.2019.00002\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T12:44:19Z","timestamp":1562762659000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fspor.2019.00002\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fspor.2019.00002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fspor.2019.00002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2624-9367"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2624-9367","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]]},"article-number":"2"}}