{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:01:21Z","timestamp":1791244881812,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Sports Act. Living"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to identify the main determinants of heart rate variability (HRV) in male athletes aged 14 to 21 years who practice competitive contact sports and to integrate these determinants with the aim of defining normative values of short-term HRV in the time and frequency domains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009369) were aged 14 to 21 years and included 221 football players and 148 ice hockey players. HRV was measured for 5\u2005min at rest, and standard HRV parameters in the time and frequency domains were calculated. Heart rate (HR), age, body mass index (BMI), number of sports weekly practices (WSP) and concussion history (mTBI) were considered determinants potentially able to influence HRV.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Multiple regression analysis revealed that HR was the primary determinant of standard HRV parameters. The models accounted for 13% to 55% of the total variance of HRV and the contribution of HR to this model was the strongest (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ranged from \u22120.34 to \u22120.75). HR was the only determinant that significantly contributes to all HRV parameters. To counteract this dependence, we calculated HRV corrected by the mean RR interval (RRm). Such corrections do not remove any physiological differences in HRV; they simply remove the mathematical bias. HRV parameters were therefore normalized, and their normative limits were developed relative to the mean heart rate. After correction, the correlation coefficients between HR and all corrected HRV parameters were not statistically significant and ranged from \u22120.001 to 0.045 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.40 for all). The automatically corrected HRV calculator, which recalculates standard HRV parameters and converts them into corrected parameters in addition to determining whether a given value is within normal limits, facilitates clinical interpretation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides for the first time corrected normative values of short-term and resting state HRV parameters in competitive contact sport athletes aged 14 to 21 years. These values were developed independently of the major determinants of HRV. The baseline values for HRV parameters given here could be used in clinical practice when assessing and monitoring cerebral concussions. They may assist in decision making for a safe return to play.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2022.730401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T09:28:20Z","timestamp":1673342900000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Normative values of resting heart rate variability in young male contact sport athletes: Reference values for the assessment and treatment of concussion"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Hatem","family":"Ziadia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idriss","family":"Sassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Trudeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Fait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","article-title":"Heart rate variability, standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use","volume":"93","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01040","article-title":"A healthy heart is not a metronome: an integrative review of the heart\u2019s anatomy and heart rate variability","volume":"5","author":"Shaffer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.84.2.482","article-title":"Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain","volume":"84","author":"Malliani","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012589762-4\/50035-9","volume-title":"Autonomic control of cardiac function. Primer on the autonomic nervous system","author":"Franchini","year":"2004"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10013-000","volume-title":"Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage: An account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitement","author":"Cannon","year":"1915"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00055","article-title":"An introduction to heart rate variability: methodological considerations and clinical applications","volume":"6","author":"Billman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00026","article-title":"The LF\/HF ratio does not accurately measure cardiac sympatho-vagal balance","volume":"4","author":"Billman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.5.1553","article-title":"Diabetic autonomic neuropathy","volume":"26","author":"Vinik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1340-9","article-title":"Early autonomic dysfunction in type 1 diabetes: a reversible disorder?","volume":"52","author":"Roseng\u00e5rd-B\u00e4rlund","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(01)00270-3","article-title":"Autonomic dysregulation in essential hypertension: insight from heart rate and arterial pressure variability","volume":"90","author":"Pagani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.31.2003","article-title":"Prolonged QT interval and reduced heart rate variability in patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension","volume":"31","author":"Maule","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/00005082-200505000-00010","article-title":"Heart rate variability analysis in the assessment of autonomic function in heart failure","volume":"20","author":"De Jong","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060941","article-title":"Reversal of autonomic derangements by physical training in chronic heart failure assessed by heart rate variability","volume":"16","author":"Killavuori","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.201","article-title":"Baroreflex sensitivity in obesity: relationship with cardiac autonomic nervous system activity","volume":"15","author":"Skrapari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.09.543","article-title":"The relationship of autonomic imbalance, heart rate variability and cardiovascular disease risk factors","volume":"141","author":"Thayer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.5298\/1081-5937-41.3.09","article-title":"Don\u2019t add or miss a beat: a special issue on current evidence and current practice in heart rate variability biofeedback","volume":"41","author":"Moss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biofeedback (Online)"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2017.41.6.951","article-title":"Heart rate variability among children with acquired brain injury","volume":"41","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/09602011.2014.1003246","article-title":"Reduced heart rate variability in chronic severe traumatic brain injury: association with impaired emotional and social functioning, and potential for treatment using biofeedback","volume":"26","author":"Francis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rehabil"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050600664715","article-title":"Dysautonomia and heart rate variability following severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"20","author":"Baguley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050400024946","article-title":"Heart rate variability (HRV) of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) during the post-insult sub-acute period","volume":"19","author":"Keren","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3907","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200012000-00030","article-title":"Heart rate variability after acute traumatic brain injury in children","volume":"28","author":"Biswas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.01.010","article-title":"Sympathetic and parasympathetic activities evaluated by heart-rate variability in head injury of various severities","volume":"116","author":"Su","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e3182a47b62","article-title":"Can baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability predict late neurological outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury?","volume":"26","author":"Hend\u00e9n","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416590","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/416590","article-title":"Clinical applications of heart rate variability in the triage and assessment of traumatically injured patients","volume":"2011","author":"Ryan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Res Pract"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181837980","article-title":"Cardiac uncoupling and heart rate variability are associated with intracranial hypertension and mortality: a study of 145 trauma patients with continuous monitoring","volume":"65","author":"Mowery","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e3181e25fc3","article-title":"Heart rate and pulse pressure variability are associated with intractable intracranial hypertension after severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"22","author":"Kahraman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1097\/00008506-200107000-00016","article-title":"Could heart rate variability predict outcome in patients with severe head injury? A pilot study","volume":"13","author":"Rapenne","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199602000-00009","article-title":"Autonomic control of heart rate after brain injury in children","volume":"24","author":"Goldstein","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1287","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1998.275.4.R1287","article-title":"Uncoupling of the autonomic and cardiovascular systems in acute brain injury","volume":"275","author":"Goldstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3390\/sports7050097","article-title":"Daily heart rate variability before and after concussion in an American college football player","volume":"7","author":"Flatt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sports"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2019.04.004","article-title":"Reduced heart rate variability and lower cerebral blood flow associated with poor cognition during recovery following concussion","volume":"220","author":"Purkayastha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000355","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000355","article-title":"Heart rate variability following youth concussion: how do autonomic regulation and concussion symptoms differ over time postinjury?","volume":"4","author":"Paniccia","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2016.1226385","article-title":"Parasympathetic baroreflexes and heart rate variability during acute stage of sport concussion recovery","volume":"31","author":"Bishop","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000337","article-title":"Heart rate variability of athletes across concussion recovery milestones: a preliminary study","volume":"27","author":"Senthinathan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.3989","article-title":"Persisting effects of concussion on heart rate variability during physical exertion","volume":"33","author":"Abaji","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1497","article-title":"Frequency analysis unveils cardiac autonomic dysfunction after mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"28","author":"Hilz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2009.03.001","article-title":"Transient suppression of heart rate complexity in concussed athletes","volume":"148","author":"La Fountaine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000135787.73757.4d","article-title":"Heart rate variability of recently concussed athletes at rest and exercise","volume":"36","author":"Gall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exercise"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097699","article-title":"Consensus statement on concussion in sport-the 5(th) international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016","volume":"51","author":"McCrory","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-002-0007-3","article-title":"Post-traumatic headache","volume":"4","author":"Lane","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.4.313","article-title":"Temporally related changes of sleep complaints in traumatic brain injured patients","volume":"55","author":"Cohen","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(96)90196-3","article-title":"Sleep and pain complaints in symptomatic traumatic brain injury and neurologic populations","volume":"77","author":"Beetar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-002-0006-4","article-title":"Sleep disturbances following traumatic brain injury","volume":"4","author":"Rao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)30185-3","article-title":"Cognitive impairment following closed head injury","volume":"10","author":"Capruso","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-002-0005-5","article-title":"Emotional disturbances following traumatic brain injury","volume":"4","author":"Hurley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"key":"B46","first-page":"223","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric aspects of traumatic brain injury","volume-title":"Essentials of neuropsychiatry and behavioral neurosciences","author":"Silver","year":"2010"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.0006","article-title":"Determining if rest is best after concussion","volume":"75","author":"Giza","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4072","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow alterations in acute sport-related concussion","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80260-4","article-title":"Age, race, and sex differences in autonomic cardiac function measured by spectral analysis of heart rate variability\u2014the ARIC study","volume":"76","author":"Liao","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1139\/h10-103","article-title":"Short-term stability of resting heart rate variability: influence of position and gender","volume":"36","author":"Young","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metabol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CC08","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2015\/15373.6662","article-title":"Heart rate variability in adolescents\u2013normative data stratified by sex and physical activity","volume":"9","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000175867.98628.27","article-title":"Heart rate variability in adolescents: relations to physical activity, fitness, and adiposity","volume":"37","author":"Gutin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.09.065","article-title":"Influence of age, gender, body mass index, and functional capacity on heart rate variability in a cohort of subjects without heart disease","volume":"93","author":"Antelmi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2009.35","article-title":"Body mass index is related to autonomic nervous system activity as measured by heart rate variability","volume":"63","author":"Molfino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.5.2310","article-title":"Important influence of respiration on human RR interval power spectra is largely ignored","volume":"75","author":"Brown","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2009.048041","article-title":"Effect of body posture on postexercise parasympathetic reactivation in men","volume":"94","author":"Buchheit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.90.1.121","article-title":"Circadian rhythms of frequency domain measures of heart rate variability in healthy subjects and patients with coronary artery disease. Effects of arousal and upright posture","volume":"90","author":"Huikuri","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01997720","article-title":"Human heart rate variability and sleep stages","volume":"17","author":"Toscani","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ital J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2296-1","article-title":"Reduced heart rate variability predicts poor sleep quality in a case\u2013control study of chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"204","author":"Burton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80309-9","article-title":"The effects of emotions on short-term power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability","volume":"76","author":"McCraty","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B61","year":""},{"key":"B62","year":""},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511435626","article-title":"Epidemiology of concussions among United States high school athletes in 20 sports","volume":"40","author":"Marar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200211000-00003","article-title":"Concussions among university football and soccer players","volume":"12","author":"Delaney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"B65","first-page":"338","article-title":"Revision of the physical activity readiness questionnaire (PAR-Q)","volume":"17","author":"Thomas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Can J Sport Sci"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2281.2001.00309.x","article-title":"Changes in cardiac autonomic regulation after prolonged maximal exercise","volume":"21","author":"Hautala","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Physiol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-004-1119-0","article-title":"Short-and long-term effects of a single bout of exercise on heart rate variability: comparison between constant and interval training exercises","volume":"92","author":"Mourot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01913.x","article-title":"A meta-analysis on the impact of alcohol dependence on short-term resting-state heart rate variability: implications for cardiovascular risk","volume":"37","author":"Quintana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12134","article-title":"Moderate alcohol intake is related to increased heart rate variability in young adults: implications for health and well-being","volume":"50","author":"Quintana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)90030-5","article-title":"Short-and long-term effects of cigarette smoking on heart rate variability","volume":"65","author":"Hayano","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1177\/1741826711411738","article-title":"Nicotine, cigarette smoking and cardiac arrhythmia: an overview","volume":"19","author":"D\u2019Alessandro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"B72","first-page":"273","article-title":"Caffeine and cardiac arrhythmias. An experimental study in dogs with review of literature","volume":"52","author":"Mehta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.02.006","article-title":"Heart rate variability: are you using it properly? Standardisation checklist of procedures","volume":"24","author":"Catai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026698800742","article-title":"Postprandial changes of sympathovagal balance measured by heart rate variability","volume":"44","author":"Lu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0860159","article-title":"Increase in muscle nerve sympathetic activity in humans after food intake","volume":"86","author":"Fagius","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.83.2.179","article-title":"Circadian rhythm of heart rate and heart rate variability","volume":"83","author":"Massin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.49.199","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of heat exposure on the autonomic nervous system by heart rate variability and urinary catecholamines","volume":"49","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Occup Health"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.14.5.511","article-title":"Sympathetic activity and blood pressure increases with bladder distension in humans","volume":"14","author":"Fagius","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-1738-7","article-title":"Alterations of heart rate variability in women with overactive bladder syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Ben-Dror","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20641","article-title":"Heart rate variability: an objective measure of autonomic activity and bladder sensations during urodynamics","volume":"28","author":"Mehnert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R40","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00544.2010","article-title":"The osmopressor response to water drinking","volume":"300","author":"May","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol-Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.110.151860","article-title":"Portal osmopressor mechanism linked to transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 and blood pressure control","volume":"55","author":"McHugh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.101.5.504","article-title":"The pressor response to water drinking in humans: a sympathetic reflex?","volume":"101","author":"Jordan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S282","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2012.691116","article-title":"The breathing effect of the LF\/HF ratio in the heart rate variability measurements of athletes","volume":"14","author":"Saboul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg120","article-title":"Effects of moderate and vigorous physical activity on heart rate variability in a British study of civil servants","volume":"158","author":"Rennie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.05.023","article-title":"Regular physical exercise, heart rate variability and turbulence in a 6-year randomized controlled trial in middle-aged men: the DNASCO study","volume":"77","author":"Tuomainen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-76382009000200018","article-title":"Basic notions of heart rate variability and its clinical applicability","volume":"24","author":"Vanderlei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Braz J Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00258","article-title":"An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms","volume":"5","author":"Shaffer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-1057-2_6","article-title":"Short-term measurement of heart rate variability","author":"Hartikainen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical guide to cardiac autonomic tests."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1964.19.3.479","article-title":"Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: a frequency dependent phenomenon","volume":"19","author":"Angelone","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H620","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1981.241.4.H620","article-title":"Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate","volume":"241","author":"Hirsch","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235095","article-title":"Body position affects the power spectrum of heart rate variability during dynamic exercise","volume":"66","author":"Perini","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol"},{"key":"B93","article-title":"RR interval measurement and heart rate variability in polar products","author":"Martinm\u00e4ki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Polar R&D physiological research polar electro Oy Kempele"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631848","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/631848","article-title":"Scientific comparison of different online heart rate monitoring systems","volume":"2011","author":"Schonfelder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Telemed Appl"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200333070-00004","article-title":"Heart rate monitoring","volume":"33","author":"Achten","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"B96","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prediction of VO2max from an individualized submaximal cycle ergometer protocol","volume":"11","author":"Akalan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exerc Physiol Online"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e803-e","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.73","article-title":"Guidelines for Reporting Articles on Psychiatry and Heart rate variability (GRAPH): recommendations to advance research communication","volume":"6","author":"Quintana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2004.00272.x","article-title":"The effect of carbon dioxide, respiratory rate and tidal volume on human heart rate variability","volume":"48","author":"P\u00f6yh\u00f6nen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"B99","author":"Tarvainen","year":""},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.07.024","article-title":"Kubios HRV\u2013heart rate variability analysis software","volume":"113","author":"Tarvainen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.06.047","article-title":"Alterations of an average heart rate change heart rate variability due to mathematical reasons","volume":"128","author":"Sacha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"B102","first-page":"1","article-title":"Which heart rate is more variable: a slow or a fast one?\u2013it depends on the method of heart rate variability analysis","volume":"12","author":"Sacha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Folia Cardiol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2004.09.015","article-title":"Different methods of heart rate variability analysis reveal different correlations of heart rate variability spectrum with average heart rate","volume":"38","author":"Sacha","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.04.160","article-title":"Heart rate impact on the reproducibility of heart rate variability analysis","volume":"168","author":"Sacha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2017.04.009","article-title":"Normative values of short-term heart rate variability parameters in Koreans and their clinical value for the prediction of mortality","volume":"27","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01495","article-title":"Normative values for heart rate variability parameters in school-aged children: simple approach considering differences in average heart rate","volume":"9","author":"G\u0105sior","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13052","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13052","article-title":"Reference values for short-term resting-state heart rate variability in healthy adults: results from the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult health\u2014eLSA-brasil study","volume":"55","author":"Dantas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-014-0962-y","article-title":"Short-term heart rate variability in a population-based sample of 10-year-old children","volume":"36","author":"Jarrin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12096","article-title":"Normal Values for heart rate variability parameters in children 6\u20138 years of age: the PANIC study","volume":"34","author":"Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-012-2572-9","article-title":"Determinants and reference values of short-term heart rate variability in children","volume":"113","author":"Michels","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2010.02841.x","article-title":"A quantitative systematic review of normal values for short-term heart rate variability in healthy adults","volume":"33","author":"Nunan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s40101-016-0113-7","article-title":"The physiological basis and measurement of heart rate variability in humans","volume":"35","author":"Draghici","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Physiol Anthropol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.01.038","article-title":"Assessment of autonomic function in cardiovascular disease: physiological basis and prognostic implications","volume":"51","author":"Lahiri","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000299","article-title":"Body composition and bone mineral density of national football league players","volume":"28","author":"Dengel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00342-7","article-title":"Determinants of heart rate variability","volume":"28","author":"Tsuji","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428116681072","article-title":"Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis: a methodology for organizational neuroscience","volume":"22","author":"Massaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Organ Res Methods"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Sports and Active Living"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fspor.2022.730401\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T09:28:35Z","timestamp":1673342915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fspor.2022.730401\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]]},"references-count":116,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fspor.2022.730401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fspor.2022.730401","relation":{},"ISSN":["2624-9367"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2624-9367","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]]},"article-number":"730401"}}