{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:30:52Z","timestamp":1791235852049,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Sports Act. Living"],"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise therapy on pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in patients with mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to April 1st, 2025. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling participants with mild to moderate AIS (Cobb angle 10\u201340\u00b0). Data were extracted for the following outcomes: forced expired volume in 1\u2005s (FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n ), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV\u2081\/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and the six-minute walking test (6MWT). The Cochrane systematic review tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs, and the GRADE approach was applied to evaluate the quality of evidence.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 912 screened records, six RCTs involving 224 patients were included. All studies were judged to have a low risk of bias. Compared with control, exercise therapy improved FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n (MD\u2009=\u20090.41 L, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.59,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), FVC (SMD\u2009=\u20090.40 L, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.78,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), FEV1\/FVC ratio compared to the control interventions (SMD\u2009=\u20090.46, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.86, I2: 48%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), MEP (MD\u2009=\u200910.70 cmH\u2082O, 95% CI: 3.27 to 18.13,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), and MIP (MD\u2009=\u200916.44 cmH\u2082O, 95% CI: 6.87 to 26.01,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Although the subgroup sample size is limited and needs to be interpreted with caution, preliminary results show that long-term (more than 8 weeks) interventions have significant improvement effects on both FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n and FVC, while a single long-term (more than 60\u2005min) intervention only shows significant benefits on FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Exercise therapy can effectively improve lung volumes and enhance respiratory muscle strength in patients with AIS in short term. Therefore, further high-quality RCTs are warranted to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n PROSPERO CRD420251034100.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2026.1804651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T06:05:51Z","timestamp":1781676351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Short-term effects of exercise therapy on pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in patients with mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yongqi","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaodong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuhua","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guifang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhen","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiamin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changqing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuhuai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-017-0145-8","article-title":"2016 SOSORT guidelines: orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth","volume":"13","author":"Negrini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-7161-1-9","article-title":"Association between adolescent idiopathic scoliosis prevalence and age at menarche in different geographic 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