{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:50:10Z","timestamp":1790401810604,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Reduced eye velocity and overt or covert compensatory saccades during horizontal head impulse testing are the signs of reduced vestibular function. However, here we report the unusual case of a patient who had enhanced eye velocity during horizontal head impulses followed by a corrective saccade. We term this saccade a \u201cbackup saccade\u201d because it acts to compensate for the gaze position error caused by the enhanced velocity (and enhanced VOR gain) and acts to return gaze directly to the fixation target as shown by eye position records. We distinguish backup saccades from overt or covert compensatory saccades or the anticompensatory quick eye movement (ACQEM) of Heuberger et al. (<jats:xref>1<\/jats:xref>) ACQEMs are anticompensatory in that they are in the same direction as head velocity and so, act to take gaze off the target and thus require later compensatory (overt) saccades to return gaze to the target. Neither of these responses were found in this patient. The patient here was diagnosed with unilateral definite Meniere's disease (MD) on the right and had enhanced VOR (gain of 1.17) for rightward head impulses followed by backup saccades. For leftwards head impulses eye velocity and VOR gain were in the normal range (VOR gain of 0.89). As further confirmation, testing with 1.84 Hz horizontal sinusoidal head movements in the visual-vestibular (VVOR) paradigm also showed these backup saccades for rightwards head turns but normal slow phase eye velocity responses without backup saccades for leftwards had turns. This evidence shows that backup saccades can be observed in some MD patients who show enhanced eye velocity responses during vHIT and that these backup saccades act to correct for gaze position error caused by the enhanced eye velocity during the head impulse and so have a compensatory effect on gaze stabilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.727672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T04:34:49Z","timestamp":1638938089000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Enhanced Eye Velocity With Backup Saccades in vHIT Tests of a Meni\u00e8re Disease Patient: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Maria Montserrat","family":"Soriano-Reixach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Rey-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xabier","family":"Altuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Curthoys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93086","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093086","article-title":"Covert anti-compensatory quick eye movements during head impulses","volume":"9","author":"Heuberger","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00069","article-title":"Mathematical methods for measuring the visually enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex and preliminary results from healthy subjects and patient groups","volume":"9","author":"Rey-Martinez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666390","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.666390","article-title":"Enhanced eye velocity in head impulse testing-a possible indicator of endolymphatic hydrops","volume":"8","author":"Curthoys","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Surg."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1160","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000003171","article-title":"Clinical prevalence of enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex responses on video head impulse test","volume":"42","author":"Vargas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2012.07.011","article-title":"The bedside examination of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR): an update","volume":"168","author":"Kheradmand","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Neurol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1159\/000362780","article-title":"Quantifying the vestibulo-ocular reflex with video-oculography: nature and frequency of artifacts","volume":"20","author":"Mantokoudis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Audiol Neurotol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-150549","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for Meni\u00e8re's disease","volume":"25","author":"Lopez-Escamez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vestib Res."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2020.04.169","article-title":"Effects of parameters of video head impulse testing on visually enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex and vestibulo-ocular reflex suppression","volume":"131","author":"Soriano-Reixach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00289","article-title":"Computing endolymph hydrodynamics during head impulse test on normal and hydropic vestibular labyrinth models","volume":"21","author":"Rey-Martinez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695064","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.695064","article-title":"Short-latency covert saccades \u2013 the explanation for good dynamic visual performance after unilateral vestibular loss?","volume":"45","author":"Sj\u00f6gren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3182995227","article-title":"Evaluation of quantitative head impulse testing using search coils versus video-oculography in older individuals","volume":"35","author":"Agarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2021.727672\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T04:34:52Z","timestamp":1638938092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2021.727672\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fsurg.2021.727672"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2021.727672","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-875X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-875X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"article-number":"727672"}}