{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:58:57Z","timestamp":1769014737518,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine-assisted intravenous inhalation combined anesthesia on cerebral oxygen metabolism and serum Th1\/Th2 levels in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>From April 2018 to May 2020,100 elderly patients undergoing elective laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer were prospectively selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group. Before induction of anesthesia, the loading dose of dexmedetomidine was given at 0.5 \u03bcg\/kg, and the infusion time was 15 min. After tracheal intubation, 0.4 \u03bcg\/kg\/h dexmedetomidine was continuously pumped, and the infusion was stopped 40 min before the end of the operation. In the control group, the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride was injected intravenously in the same way. 30 min before induction of anesthesia (T<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>), immediately before induction of anesthesia (T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>), immediately after tracheal intubation (T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), 40 min before operation (T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>), and immediately after operation (T<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>), record the blood oxygen content of the artery and internal jugular vein Difference (D(a-jv)O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), brain oxygen uptake rate (COER%), brain oxygen saturation (rSO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) mean. VAS scale, Ramsay scale, MoCA scale were taken at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively to evaluate analgesia, sedation, and cognitive function. And monitor the levels of interferon-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3), interleukin-4 (IL-4), myelin basic protein (MBP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100\u03b2. The occurrence of restlessness and adverse reactions during the recovery period of the two groups were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of D(a-jv)O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, COER%, and rSO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in the control group and observation group were higher than the preoperative basic values at T2, T3, and T4 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05); The levels of D(a-jv)O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, COER%, and rSO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, and T<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). The VAS score and Ramsay score of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after surgery, while the MoCA score was higher than that of the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). In addition, the serum IFN-\u03b3, MBP, NSE and S100\u03b2 levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), and the ratio of IFN-\u03b3\/IL-4 was higher than that of the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). The overall incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [32.0% (16\/50) vs. 12.0% (6\/50), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dexmedetomidine-assisted combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia is beneficial to reduce perioperative cerebral oxygen metabolism and improve postoperative immunosuppression in elderly patients with colorectal cancer. It has a certain protective effect on nerve injury after operation, thus improving the cognitive function of patients and reducing the occurrence of adverse reactions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.832646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T06:09:06Z","timestamp":1643090946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effect of Dexmedetomidine-Assisted Intravenous Inhalation Combined Anesthesia on Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism and Serum Th1\/Th2 Level in Elderly Colorectal Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yixun","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jitong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huijuan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suhong","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yimin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7940603","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7940603","article-title":"The effect of anesthesia on the immune system in colorectal cancer patients","volume":"1","author":"Dang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2018.04.016","article-title":"Prehabilitation and functional recovery for colorectal cancer patients","volume":"44","author":"Minnella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-018-4844-y","article-title":"Guidelines for perioperative care in elective colorectal surgery: enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS\u00ae) society recommendations: 2018","volume":"43","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Surg."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2020.03.158","article-title":"The challenges in colorectal cancer management during COVID-19 epidemic","volume":"8","author":"Ren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12329","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12329","article-title":"NEAT1: a novel cancer-related long non-coding RNA","volume":"50","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000662","article-title":"The relative effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol on cerebral blood flow velocity and regional brain oxygenation: a randomised noninferiority trial","volume":"34","author":"Farag","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000098","article-title":"Effects of propofol, dexmedetomidine, and midazolam on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a randomized controlled preliminary trial","volume":"132","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin Med J."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/90648","article-title":"The occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) - 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