{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T10:18:33Z","timestamp":1780568313827,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFC2004900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2004900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003395","name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201901070002E00043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201901070002E00043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003395","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infected bone nonunion is the toughest problem in fracture-related infection, leading to high disability and recurrence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Masquelet technique with radical debridement and alternative fixation in the management of infected bone nonunion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study of prospectively collected data in two trauma centers was performed from 2016 to 2020. Patients diagnosed as infected bone nonunion were included in this study. The initial implant was removed and all patients received a two-stage Masquelet procedure with radical debridement and alternative fixation. The disappearance of inflammatory manifestations and regression of infection indicators (such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein, white blood cell count) to the normal range were regarded as radical debridement. The alternative fixation depended on local soft tissue conditions. Results were evaluated according to clinical and radiographic assessment and patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 23 patients were included in our study. Six of them received internal fixation, while the other 17 received external fixation. Of the 23 cases, 21 were successfully reconstructed without infection recurrence, except 2 reinfected cases. Mean full weight bearing time was 6.6\u2005months follow-up post last surgery. Out of the 23, 20 cases had satisfactory functional outcomes without additional bone or soft tissue comorbidities. Discrepancies in leg length and joint stiffness were observed in three cases and marked as unsatisfied results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infected bone nonunion can be successfully managed using the Masquelet technique under radical debridement combined with an alternative fixation method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1000340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T08:48:50Z","timestamp":1665391730000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Masquelet technique with radical debridement and alternative fixation in treatment of infected bone nonunion"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Xuanzhe","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong 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