{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T01:03:54Z","timestamp":1788397434551,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the outcomes of the pretemporal transcavernous approach in the treatment of non-meningeal tumors involving cavernous sinus and to investigate the surgical strategy for these lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study of 45 patients with non-meningeal tumors involving cavernous sinus. All 45 patients received microsurgical resection <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the pretemporal transcavernous approach from April 2012 to January 2019 by the same neurosurgeon. We analyzed clinical manifestations, image data, perioperative complications, surgical outcomes, functional outcomes, and follow-up data of these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gross total resection was achieved in 38 cases (84.4%) of the 45 patients. Preoperatively, a total of 64 individual cranial nerves were affected. Postoperatively, 92.2% of 64 impaired cranial nerves completely or partially restored function, 7.8% had worsened function compared with their preoperative statuses, and 5 new cranial nerve deficits (CNV) were observed in five patients during the last follow-up. Seven patients presented transient new cranial nerve deficits (5 CNIII and 2 CNVI), three cases suffered transient worsen cranial nerve deficits (3 CNIII and 1 CNVII). There were no cases of intracranial hematoma, intracranial infection, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and death. The progression of residual tumor was observed in two patients (1 chordoma and 1 pituitary adenoma).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non-meningeal tumors involving cavernous sinus can be safely and radically removed with less morbidity and mortality. Pretemporal transcavernous approach is an ideal approach to the cavernous sinus and can be tailored individually.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.810606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T04:58:36Z","timestamp":1645073916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Pretemporal Transcavernous Approach for Resection of Non-meningeal Tumors of the Cavernous Sinus: Single Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Meng","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qun","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianquan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyong","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.JNS142494","article-title":"Microsurgical resectability, outcomes, and tumor control in meningiomas occupying the cavernous sinus","volume":"125","author":"Nanda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199905000-00008","article-title":"Benign nonmeningeal tumors of the cavernous sinus","volume":"44","author":"Eisenberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2006.04.004","article-title":"Non-meningeal tumours of the cavernous sinus: a surgical analysis","volume":"13","author":"Pamir","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.5137\/1019-5149.JTN.2343-09.1","article-title":"Anatomical study of the cavernous sinus emphasizing operative approaches","volume":"20","author":"Dalgic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.12.023","article-title":"From above and below: the microsurgical anatomy of endoscopic endonasal and transcranial microsurgical approaches to the parasellar region","author":"Almeida","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.01.013","article-title":"Extended orbitozygomatic approach to the skull base to improve access to the cavernous sinus and optic chiasm","volume":"130","author":"Pontius","year":"2004","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"19","article-title":"Frontotemporal orbitozygomatic craniotomy to exposure the cavernous sinus and its surrounding regions. 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