{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T07:24:23Z","timestamp":1768029863317,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To design and develop a disposable superfine catheter system for visual examination of bile and pancreatic ducts and predict its clinical application value.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The superfine triple-lumen catheter and miniature photography technology were used to design and produce a disposable superfine catheter for visual examination of bile and pancreatic ducts, and animal experiments were conducted to compare said catheter and SpyGlass\u2122.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The designed and developed disposable superfine catheter for visual examination of bile ducts with a diameter of 2.4\u2005mm could enter the third-order and fourth-order bile ducts in the animal liver and also the gallbladder via the cystic duct for observation. The said catheter has a water injection rate of 0.8\u2005mL\/s, 0.16 megapixels, a resolution of 400\u2009\u00d7\u2009400, a depth of field of 0.3 to 20\u2005mm, and a tilting up angle &amp;gt;90\u00b0.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The new disposable catheter for visual examination of bile ducts has a superfine diameter, easier operation, and clearer imaging, and is expected to have a higher clinical practical value.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.877040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T05:43:41Z","timestamp":1651470221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Design and Development of a Disposable Superfine Catheter for Visual Examination of Bile Ducts and Related Animal Experiments"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jin-Yong","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao-Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Jun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1673-9752.2012.06020","article-title":"Value of modified T staging system in the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin J Dig Surg"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-011-0129-9","article-title":"Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: the ABC of MRCP","volume":"3","author":"Griffin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2016.51","article-title":"Expert consensus document: cholangiocarcinoma: current knowledge and future perspectives consensus statement from the European Network for the Study of Cholangiocarcinoma (ENS-CCA)","volume":"13","author":"Banales","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev. 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