{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:34:36Z","timestamp":1753893276658,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ureteral stents are widely used. If ureteral stents remain in place for extended periods, the probability of migration and stone formation increases substantially. However, a 29-year-old ureteral stent that was placed and did not develop calculus is rare. We reported a 45-year-old man admitted with pain in the left side of his waist and abdomen for more than 10 years. He underwent a ureterotomy 29 years prior to admission for left ureteral calculi, and a ureteral stent was placed postoperatively to prevent ureteral strictures. The ureteral stent was not removed in the hospital due to poor compliance on the part of the patient. This left ureteral stent was not visible on computed tomography (CT) and plain films. On ureteroscopy or flexible ureteroscopy, no new calculus was found in the left ureter and kidney. No calculus was found in the stent that is usually easily removed with calculus-removing forceps. This phenomenon is rare, and it highlights the importance of follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.878660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T05:43:43Z","timestamp":1651211023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Case Report: A Calculus-Free Ureteral Stent Forgotten for 29 Years"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Genyi","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S436","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2019.08.16","article-title":"Latest advancements in ureteral stent technology","volume":"8","author":"De Grazia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22293","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000022293","article-title":"Urinary bladder calculus due to retained indwelling ureteral stent: a case report","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1089\/cren.2016.0073","article-title":"An indwelling ureteral stent forgotten for over 12 years","volume":"2","author":"Bidnur","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Endourol Case Rep."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2011.0138","article-title":"Fractured retained ureteral stent in a patient lost to follow-up","volume":"25","author":"Nikkhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Endourol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.06.2010.3079","article-title":"Forgotten stent leading to complex panurinary stone: single-sitting endourologic management","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1089\/cren.2018.0083","article-title":"Endourologic management of a 15-year-old neglected, fragmented, and encrusted ureteral stent","volume":"4","author":"Mahmood","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endourol Case Rep."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2021.101570","article-title":"A neglected double J ureteral stent for 10 years: a rare case report","volume":"36","author":"Aboutaleb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6043","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v8.i23.6043","article-title":"Huge encrusted ureteral stent forgot for over 25 years: a case report","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5635","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.5635","article-title":"Encrusted ureteral stent in a Spanish speaking female: a case of a forgotten stent lost in translation","volume":"11","author":"Gill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2016.07.004","article-title":"Urinary incontinence and urosepsis due to forgotten ureteral stent","volume":"8","author":"Barreiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7796.148599","article-title":"Long-term complications of JJ stent and its management: a 5 years review","volume":"7","author":"Ray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urol Ann."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-018-0779-y","article-title":"Advances in ureteral stent design and materials","volume":"19","author":"Mosayyebi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Urol Rep."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.5173\/ceju.2017.1520","article-title":"Engineering solutions to ureteral stents: material, coating, and design","volume":"70","author":"Mosayyebi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cent European J Urol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)59053-9","article-title":"Experience with indwelling ureteral stent catheters","volume":"115","author":"Gibbons","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764167","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.764167","article-title":"Developments in ureteral stent technology","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Surg."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67319-1","article-title":"The forgotten indwelling ureteral stent: a urological dilemma","volume":"153","author":"Monga","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2016.0827","article-title":"Risks and benefits of postoperative double-J stent placement after ureteroscopy: results from the clinical research office of endourological society ureteroscopy global study","volume":"31","author":"Muslumanoglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endourol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.02.2012.5736","article-title":"Ureteroscopic removal of forgotten ureteral stent","author":"Kawahara","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2020.101505","article-title":"A missed fragmented double J ureteral stent for 2 years: a case report","volume":"34","author":"Al-Hajjaj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2016.11.016","article-title":"Fragmentation of severely encrusted ureteral stent indwelled for 4 years in a boy","volume":"12","author":"Tao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.01.040","article-title":"Multiorgan failure 17 years after initial stone therapy: forgotten ureteral stent in a horseshoe kidney","volume":"52","author":"P\u00fchse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2011.0385","article-title":"Ureteral stent encrustation, incrustation, and coloring: morbidity related to indwelling times","volume":"26","author":"Kawahara","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endourol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e232280","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-232280","article-title":"Retained neonatal ureteral stent post-ureteric reimplantation: a 26-year saga","volume":"12","author":"Nesbitt","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.11.017","article-title":"The dwell time of indwelling ureteral stents\u2013the clock is ticking but when should we set the alarm?","volume":"185","author":"Monga","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1308\/003588408X242123","article-title":"Ureteric stent card register - a 5-year retrospective analysis","volume":"90","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.878660\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T05:43:45Z","timestamp":1651211025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.878660\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fsurg.2022.878660"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.878660","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-875X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2296-875X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"article-number":"878660"}}