{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T23:43:49Z","timestamp":1782776629705,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cystitis glandularis is a common bladder epithelial lesion characterized by hyperplasia and metaplasia of the bladder mucosa epithelium. The pathogenesis of cystitis glandularis of the intestinal type is unknown and less common. When cystitis glandularis (intestinal type) is extremely severely differentiated, it is called florid cystitis glandularis (the occurrence is extremely rare).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both patients were middle-aged men. In patient 1, the lesion was also seen in the posterior wall and was diagnosed more than 1 year ago as cystitis glandularis with urethral stricture. Patient 2 was examined for symptoms such as hematuria and was found to have an occupied bladder; both were treated surgically, and the postoperative pathology was diagnosed as florid cystitis glandularis (intestinal type), with mucus extravasation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathogenesis of cystitis glandularis (intestinal type) is unknown and less common. When cystitis glandularis of the intestinal type is extremely severely differentiated, we call it florid cystitis glandularis. It is more common in the bladder neck and trigone. The clinical manifestations are mainly symptoms of bladder irritation, or hematuria as the main complaint, which rarely leads to hydronephrosis. Imaging is nonspecific and the diagnosis depends on pathology. Surgical excision of the lesion is possible. Due to the malignant potential of cystitis glandularis of intestinal type, postoperative follow-up is required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1048119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T05:26:54Z","timestamp":1677216414000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Florid cystitis glandularis (intestinal type) with mucus extravasation: Two case reports and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Fan","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Bo","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Xing","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2022.107709","article-title":"Severe obstructive symptoms and urinary bladder mass due to cystitis glandularis: a very rare case report in children","volume":"100","author":"Kusumaputra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2780-z","article-title":"Unexplained association between cystitis glandularis and interstitial cystitis in females: a retrospective study","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199612000-00005","article-title":"Florid cystitis glandularis of intestinal type with mucin extravasation: a mimic of adenocarcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Young","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(88)90323-8","article-title":"Metaplastic cystitis complicated with von Brunn nests, cystitis cystica, and intestinal type of glandular metaplasia","volume":"32","author":"Erturk","year":"1988","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02923694","article-title":"Cystitis glandularis: an unusual cause of ureteral obstruction","volume":"1984","author":"Huggins","year":"1984","journal-title":"Urol Radiol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89","DOI":"10.5858\/2004-128-e89-PQCBTI","article-title":"Pathologic quiz case: bladder tumor in a 41-year-old man. Cystitis glandularis of intestinal type with mucin extravasation","volume":"128","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0210-4806(03)72924-6","article-title":"Cistitis glandular Florida de tipo intestinal con extravasaci\u00f3n de mucina: una lesi\u00f3n que simula un tumor","volume":"27","author":"Guarch Troyas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Actas Urol\u00f3gicas Espa\u00f1olas"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2016.05.008","article-title":"Preliminary study of diffusion-weighted MRI in the preoperative diagnosis of cystitis glandularis","volume":"71","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15147","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.15147","article-title":"Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder: a rare condition which mimics neoplasia","volume":"13","author":"Ghosh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13121","article-title":"Novel strategy for cystitis glandularis: oral treatment with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor","volume":"23","author":"Takizawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E306","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.2636","article-title":"The role of steroid treatment in intractable cystitis glandularis: a case report and literature review","volume":"9","author":"Yuksel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1048119\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T05:26:55Z","timestamp":1677216415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1048119\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1048119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1048119","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-875X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-875X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"article-number":"1048119"}}