{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T13:28:58Z","timestamp":1784122138381,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to study the feasibility of a remote-access thyroidectomy through presternal and submental approaches with the da Vinci SP system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bilateral thyroidectomies were performed in five cadaveric models. A single incision in the presternal area was used in two cadavers, and a submental facelift incision approach was used in three cadavers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Performing remote-access thyroidectomy was completed with a presternal approach in one cadaver and with the submental approach in three cadavers. The required skin flap development was minimal, and the docking time for the SP system was quick for all procedures. Time to full exposure of the thyroid gland after skin incision was less than 30\u2005min for the presternal approach and less than 27\u2005min for the submental procedure. Completing total thyroidectomies took 83\u2005min in the presternal approach and between 67 and 127\u2005min in the submental access. No additional ports were required to expose the gland and complete the bilateral resection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total thyroidectomy was feasible with the da Vinci SP system in single incision presternal and submental approaches comparing promisingly with other currently applied robotic methods. Further studies will be required to assess whether a presternal or submental thyroidectomy with the da Vinci SP system provides clinical benefits in real patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1196021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T05:24:24Z","timestamp":1686806664000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Remote-access thyroidectomy with the da Vinci SP system: feasibility in a cadaveric model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hubert","family":"Stein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Wook","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Young","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Rheinwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-009-0366-x","article-title":"Robot-assisted endoscopic surgery for thyroid cancer: experience with the first 100 patients","volume":"23","author":"Kang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0b013e3181a4ccae","article-title":"Endoscopic thyroidectomy with the da Vinci robot system using the bilateral axillary breast approach (BABA) technique","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0b013e31822d0455","article-title":"Bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0b013e3182266dd6","article-title":"Robotic facelift thyroidectomy: patient selection and technical considerations","volume":"21","author":"Terris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2227-684X.2015.02.07","article-title":"Robotic facelift thyroid surgery","volume":"4","author":"Bomeli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2227-684X.2015.02.02","article-title":"Transoral robotic thyroid surgery","volume":"4","author":"Clark","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.4174\/astr.2019.96.5.266","article-title":"Robotic transoral thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"95","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Surg Treat Res"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-019-0473-0","article-title":"Transaxillary robotic-assisted thyroid surgery: technique and results of a preliminary experience on the Da Vinci Xi platform","volume":"18","author":"Prete","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350620909279","article-title":"Robotic transaxillary hemithyroidectomy using the da Vinci SP robotic system: initial experience with 10 consecutive cases","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21831","article-title":"Robotic facelift thyroidectomy: I. Preclinical simulation and morphometric assessment","volume":"121","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2019.05.004","article-title":"Indications, benefits and risks of transoral thyroidectomy","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816636366","article-title":"Robotic Thyroidectomy: Comparison of a Postauricular Facelift Approach with a Gasless Unilateral Axillary Approach","volume":"154","author":"Sung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2011.267","article-title":"Endoscopic vs. conventional thyroidectomy for the treatment of benign thyroid tumors: a retrospective study of a 4-year experience","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-021-11208-2","article-title":"Robotic adrenalectomy using the da Vinci SP robotic system: technical feasibility comparison with single-port access using the Da Vinci multi-arm robotic system","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1196021\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T05:24:27Z","timestamp":1686806667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1196021\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1196021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1196021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-875X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-875X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"article-number":"1196021"}}