{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:43:52Z","timestamp":1789789432995,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81672236, 81871830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81672236, 81871830"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7182146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012173","name":"China-Japan Friendship Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZRJY2021-GG12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRJY2021-GG12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012173","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to develop a nomogram capable of predicting the probability of femoral head collapse based on an 18-year follow-up cohort of convalescent severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on the natural history of 120 patients (205 hips) who underwent glucocorticoid-induced ONFH at China-Japan Friendship Hospital (CJFH) in 2003 were retrospectively collected. Follow-up was conducted from June 2003 to October 2021. A nomogram was developed in a training cohort and validated in another cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 205 hips were included for analysis, with 143 hips in the training cohorts and 62 hips in the validation cohorts. After 18 years of follow-up, 53 femoral heads collapsed, while 152 femoral heads spontaneously repaired to some extent (necrotic areas reduced or vanished). Following multivariate regression analysis, the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) staging, necrosis index (NI), and CJFH Classification were entered into the nomogram. The nomogram showed robust discrimination, with an AUC of 0.907 (95% CI: 0.85\u20130.96). The calibration curves showed an agreement between the probability as predicted by the nomogram and the actual probability. Application of the nomogram in the validation cohort also yielded good discrimination (AUC, 0.876, 95% CI: 0.7751\u20130.9761) and calibration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The nomogram successfully predicted femoral head collapse in glucocorticoid-induced ONFH. With the nomogram, the prognosis for an individual patient with glucocorticoid-induced ONFH can be determined, which can lead to a rational therapeutic choice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2024.1333646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T11:31:43Z","timestamp":1717068703000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A nomogram for predicting the probability of femoral head collapse in convalescent SARS patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head: an 18-year population-based retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rundong","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuqiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zirong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.168017","article-title":"Prevalence of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head and its associated risk factors in the Chinese population: results from a nationally representative survey","volume":"128","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B9.20056","article-title":"Steroid-induced osteonecrosis: the number of lesions is related to the dosage","volume":"90","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-009-0829-7","article-title":"Lesion size changes in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a long-term prospective study using MRI","volume":"34","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-005-0067-6","article-title":"Changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis of post-SARS osteonecrosis in a Chinese population","volume":"30","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"B5","first-page":"337","article-title":"Osteonecrosis of the hip: management in the 21st century","volume":"52","author":"Lieberman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.01041","article-title":"Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: ten years later","volume":"88","author":"Mont","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.11.029","article-title":"The 2019 revised version of Association Research Circulation Osseous Staging System of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head","volume":"35","author":"Yoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"13","article-title":"The classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head based on the three pillars structure: China-Japan Friendship Hospital (CJFH) classification","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"China J Orthop"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpb.0000279028.74397.02","article-title":"The lateral pillar classification for Legg-Calv\u00e9-Perthes disease","volume":"27","author":"Price","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2016.11.002","article-title":"Predicting the collapse of the femoral head due to osteonecrosis: from basic methods to application prospects","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2015.4257","article-title":"Nomogram for preoperative estimation of microvascular invasion risk in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria","volume":"151","author":"Lei","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-013-1223-0","article-title":"Relationship between post-SARS osteonecrosis and PAI-1 4G\/5G gene polymorphisms","volume":"24","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B6.7593098","article-title":"Quantifying the extent of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. 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