{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:35:32Z","timestamp":1753893332084,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peroneal artery injury following internal fixation of a calcaneal fracture is rare. The occurrence of a delayed pseudoaneurysm with an arteriovenous fistula after a peroneal artery injury is even rarer and has not been reported previously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Herein, we report the case of a 65-year-old female patient with a calcaneal fracture (Sanders Type \u2162AB) who underwent an open reduction and internal fixation surgery through the tarsal sinus approach. Two months postoperatively, she experienced left foot pain. Physical examination revealed pulsation at the surgical site and a positive Branham sign, which was suggestive of a delayed pseudoaneurysm. Emergency digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination was performed, and this revealed a pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula at the distal end of the peroneal artery. Therefore, the patient underwent transcatheter coil embolization of the peroneal artery and had good postoperative outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Arterial injury should be suspected if massive hemorrhage occurs shortly after internal fixation for calcaneal fractures, and appropriate hemostatic measures should be promptly instituted. If unexplained pain and swelling develop along with a palpable pulse at the surgical site, a pseudoaneurysm should be suspected, and appropriate examinations should be promptly performed. Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment are also crucial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1527992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T06:49:09Z","timestamp":1739774949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peroneal artery pseudoaneurysm with arteriovenous fistula after calcaneal fracture surgery: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yu-Long","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Chao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506067","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/506067","article-title":"Peroneal arteriovenous fistula and pseudoaneurysm: an unusual presentation","volume":"2014","author":"Ching","year":"2014","journal-title":"Case Rep Vasc Med"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Modification of the sinus tarsi approach for open reduction and plate fixation of intra-articular calcaneus fractures: the limits of proximal extension based upon the vascular anatomy of the lateral calcaneal artery","volume":"30","author":"Femino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-022-05384-3","article-title":"A historical review of calcaneal fractures: from the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and Don Juan injuries to the current plate osteosynthesis","volume":"46","author":"Biz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574408315207","article-title":"Shaft aneurysm of femoropopliteal expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft treated with a covered stent","volume":"42","author":"Punnam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcr.2023.100753","article-title":"Traumatic superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm & management following mandible fracture","volume":"43","author":"Naser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trauma Case Rep"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1008-1275.2013.05.011","article-title":"Acute femoral artery pseudoaneurysm due to lesser trochanter fragment: an unusual complication of an intertrochanteric fracture","volume":"16","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Traumatol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020050372","article-title":"Pseudoaneurysm of the profunda femoris artery due to intertrochanteric fracture of the hip","volume":"119","author":"Murphy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362.e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.09.019","article-title":"Three-year delayed presentation of femoral pseudoaneurysm after penetrating limb trauma","volume":"29","author":"Butterworth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00389","article-title":"Vascular injury during fixation of an intertrochanteric hip fracture in a patient with severe atherosclerosis: acase report","volume":"88","author":"Ryzewicz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1008-1275.2013.04.010","article-title":"Pseudoaneurysm of profunda femoris artery following dynamic hip screw fixation for intertrochanteric femoral fracture","volume":"16","author":"Singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Traumatol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.03.011","article-title":"Pseudoaneurysm of the deep femoral artery caused by a guide wire following femur intertrochanteric fracture with a hip nail: acase report","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2013.12.010","article-title":"Sudden death due to ruptured pseudoaneurysm of femoral artery in injected drug abusers - 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