{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:38:21Z","timestamp":1788482301898,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS) is an underrecognized cause of cerebral venous outflow obstruction, commonly presenting with nonspecific symptoms such as head-noise, tinnitus, dizziness, headaches, and visual or auditory disturbances. Extrinsic compression by bony structures, particularly transverse process of the atlas (C1), has emerged as a significant but frequently ignored etiology. This study presents the first case series demonstrating that isolated resection of the C1 transverse process can restore venous outflow and provide durable relief of head-noise\u2013dominant symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study presents three cases of symptomatic IJVS caused by bony compression, marked by head noise\u2013dominant presentation and failure of conservative or endovascular treatments, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges, individualized surgical strategies, and clinical outcomes, along with a review of current literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three patients with imaging-confirmed compressive IJVS underwent Doppler ultrasound, 3D computed tomography venography, and magnetic resonance imaging. All patients receivedtargeted surgical decompression via resection of the compressive bony structures, with one patient receiving adjunctive venous stenting due to persistent flow limitation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients achieved significant postoperative improvement, including resolution of head noise and amelioration of associated symptoms. Imaging confirmed improved venous caliber and outflow. Notably, one patient with previous stenting failure benefited from staged decompression and re-intervention, highlighting the value of individualized management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extrinsic compression is a treatable cause of IJVS. Isolated surgical decompression offers a viable treatment option, particularly in patients unresponsive to endovascular approaches. These cases support the need for greater awareness of compressive IJVS and further studies to refine treatment indications and evaluate long-term outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1639108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T05:35:59Z","timestamp":1758000959000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Case Report: Isolated surgical decompression for compressive internal jugular vein stenosis: case series and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Haiyang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuaibin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weicheng","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xupeng","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beibei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangtong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14210","article-title":"Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis","volume":"16","author":"Capecchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemostasis"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_10_17","article-title":"The cerebral circulation and cerebrovascular disease I: anatomy","volume":"3","author":"Chandra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5219","article-title":"Jugular anomalies in multiple sclerosis are associated with increased collateral venous flow","volume":"38","author":"Sethi","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2009.05.055","article-title":"The management of thoracic inlet syndrome associated with hurler\u2019s syndrome: a novel surgical technique\u22c6","volume":"36","author":"Ahsan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E795","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182333859","article-title":"Styloidogenic jugular venous compression syndrome: diagnosis and treatment: case report","volume":"70","author":"Dashti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.100","article-title":"Styloidectomy and venous stenting for treatment of styloid-induced internal jugular vein stenosis: a case report and literature review","volume":"130","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E209","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opaa032","article-title":"C1 transverse process resection for management of jugular stenosis","volume":"19","author":"Fritch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-023-05779-0","article-title":"Extreme lateral infracondylar approach for internal jugular vein compression syndrome: a case series with preliminary clinical outcomes","volume":"165","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13512","article-title":"Intracranial hypertension induced by internal jugular vein stenosis can be resolved by stenting","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.12.93","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and neuroimaging findings in eagle syndrome induced internal jugular vein stenosis","volume":"8","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13148","article-title":"Cervical spondylotic internal jugular venous compression syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51822","article-title":"Long-term safety and efficacy of stenting on correcting internal jugular vein and cerebral venous sinus stenosis","volume":"10","author":"Bai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002891","article-title":"The promise, mystery, and perils of stenting for symptomatic internal jugular vein stenosis: a case series","volume":"95","author":"Fargen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1594238","article-title":"An evaluation of styloidectomy as an adjunct or alternative to jugular stenting in idiopathic intracranial hypertension and disturbances of cranial venous outflow","volume":"78","author":"Higgins","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-260","article-title":"Potential involvement of the extracranial venous system in central nervous system disorders and aging","volume":"11","author":"Zivadinov","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.157164","article-title":"Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"80","author":"Zamboni","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-142","article-title":"Venous hemodynamics in neurological disorders: an analytical review with hydrodynamic analysis","volume":"11","author":"Beggs","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24468","article-title":"Aqueductal cerebrospinal fluid pulsatility in healthy individuals is affected by impaired cerebral venous outflow","volume":"40","author":"Beggs","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1676815","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and neuroimaging findings in internal jugular venous outflow disturbance","volume":"119","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-019-01820-1","article-title":"The comparative analysis of non-thrombotic internal jugular vein stenosis and cerebral venous sinus stenosis","volume":"48","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00913","article-title":"Clinical classification and collateral circulation in chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_12_24","article-title":"Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas with pial arterial supply: a narrative review","volume":"10","author":"Su","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carj.2016.07.002","article-title":"Prevalence of extracranial venous narrowing on magnetic resonance venography is similar in people with multiple sclerosis, their siblings, and unrelated healthy controls: a blinded, case-control study","volume":"68","author":"Martin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_95_24","article-title":"Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors after surgery alone for brain arteriovenous malformation","volume":"11","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Circ"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1639108\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T05:36:00Z","timestamp":1758000960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1639108\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1639108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1639108","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-875X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-875X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"article-number":"1639108"}}