{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T07:34:09Z","timestamp":1761204849277,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Intracranial aspergillosis is uncommon but often lethal, especially in classically immunocompromised hosts. We report a 71-year-old man with poorly controlled diabetes (a non-classical risk factor) who developed bilateral frontal abscesses due to\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . After an initial craniotomy with negative cultures and galactomannan, recurrent disease was confirmed by stereotactic biopsy with next-generation sequencing (NGS). Targeted azole therapy (voriconazole, isavuconazole) and multidisciplinary care led to marked clinical and radiographic improvement. We also pooled 343 published cases (2000\u20132024): overall mortality was 34.6%, and 21.8% among patients without classical immunosuppression (including some with non-classical factors such as diabetes). Improved survival in recent decades likely reflects earlier diagnosis and broader azole use, though inference is limited by case-based evidence. Early tissue diagnosis (including molecular testing), timely surgery when indicated, and CNS-penetrant azoles can yield favorable outcomes in non-classically immunosuppressed patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1674057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T07:30:32Z","timestamp":1761204632000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Rare invasive aspergillosis with brain abscess in a non\u2013classically immunosuppressed patient, and pooled analysis of individual patient data (2000\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Moksada","family":"Regmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shikun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenlong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2021.03.008","article-title":"Aspergillosis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"35","author":"Cadena","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am. 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