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Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By combining static and dynamic methods of obtaining natural head position, this study examined whether compensatory head tilt in patients with non-syndromic asymmetric facial deformities contributes to of pseudo-\u201cvertical eye canting\u201d.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with non-syndromic asymmetric facial deformities patients and symmetric dento-maxillofacial deformity who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into observation and control groups. Static photographs were measured to analyze the static head position of the subjects in each follow-up period; dynamic natural head positions of the subjects in different states in each period were recorded by posture sensors for dynamic analysis. Intergroup and intragroup changes were analyzed with Mann\u2013Whitney U-test and one way ANOVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The static natural head position of the observation group at 1 year after surgery was significantly different from that of the pre-surgery period, whereas each dynamic natural head position at all follow-up periods after surgery was significantly different from dynamic natural head position of the pre-surgery period. The range of dynamic head position in the rolling direction was smaller in the observation group than in the preoperative period at 6 months and 1 year after surgery, but the dynamic head position range in the rolling direction was not significantly different in the control group at the different follow-up stages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Changes in natural head position (NHP) following orthognathic surgery were associated with improved stabilization of head posture in roll orientation and reduced pseudo-eye canting in non-syndromic asymmetric facial deformities (NSAFD) patients. Clinical Trial Number KQEC-2021-58-01.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1678943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:35:12Z","timestamp":1767681312000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Static and dynamic changes of natural head position improve vertical eye canting of patients with non-syndromic asymmetric facial deformities after orthognathic surgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangsen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2021.11.004","article-title":"Trends in horizontal periocular asymmetry","volume":"58","author":"Tran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2006.04.027","article-title":"Asymmetry of the palpebral fissure and upper eyelid crease in Koreans","volume":"60","author":"Song","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001260","article-title":"In support of using computer-aided design and modeling for periorbital osteotomies","volume":"26","author":"Tahiri","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001922","article-title":"Congenital ocular dystopia from orbitofrontal bone dysplasia","volume":"137","author":"Swanson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2018.59.6.793","article-title":"Correction of eyes and lip canting after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery","volume":"59","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(94)70014-1","article-title":"Natural head position\u2013a revival","volume":"105","author":"Moorrees","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.11.026","article-title":"Three-dimensional reproducibility of natural head position","volume":"143","author":"Weber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12344","article-title":"Reproducibility of natural head position assessed with stereophotogrammetry","volume":"23","author":"Jakobsone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/00016355009087224","article-title":"Some biological aspects of prognathism and occlusion of the teeth","volume":"9","author":"Bjork","year":"1950","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2017.07.026","article-title":"A clinical technique for virtual articulator mounting with natural head position by using calibrated stereophotogrammetry","volume":"119","author":"Lam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2021.02.011","article-title":"Variation between natural head orientation and Frankfort horizontal planes in orthognathic surgery patients: 187 consecutive cases","volume":"50","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Alfaro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2021.11.016","article-title":"Midsagittal plane first: building a strong facial reference frame for computer-aided surgical simulation","volume":"80","author":"Grissom","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70010-L","article-title":"Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. 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