{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:48:21Z","timestamp":1767682101494,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare subtype of benign smooth muscle tumor that can exhibit malignant-like biological behavior. Originating in the uterus, IVL grows in mass-like formations within small veins and can extend into the inferior vena cava (IVC), right atrium, and pulmonary arteries. Due to the potential for life-threatening consequences when IVL invades the heart and pulmonary arteries, early diagnosis and radical resection through a multidisciplinary approach are crucial. This report presents a case of uterine intravenous leiomyomatosis involving the IVC and right atrium, complicated by massive pulmonary embolism after surgery, and includes a literature review to discuss the clinical implications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2025.1692371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:45:13Z","timestamp":1767681913000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intravenous leiomyomatosis involving the inferior vena cava and right atrium with postoperative pulmonary embolism: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yukai","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wangwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aobo","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinlei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaogang","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen'gang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.04.037","article-title":"Intravenous 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