{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T22:55:53Z","timestamp":1788994553857,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chondrosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors in adults, with a predilection for sites such as the pelvis and femur. This article reports a rare case of giant chondrosarcoma originating from the manubrium sterni in a 42-year-old male patient. The patient presented to the outpatient clinic with chest pain accompanied by chest wall swelling. Physical examination revealed a firm mass at the manubrium, and chest CT demonstrated osteolytic destruction of the sternum. Needle biopsy pathology was suggestive of chondrosarcoma. A multidisciplinary team performed a radical resection of the sternal tumor. The postoperative outcome was favorable, with a stable thoracic cage. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of grade II chondrosarcoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1779653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T05:53:33Z","timestamp":1777442013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: Primary giant chondrosarcoma of the manubrium sterni"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yinghao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Jinhua, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.04.021","article-title":"Chondrosarcoma of the spine: a narrative review","volume":"21","author":"Pennington","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-023-00615-0","article-title":"Ewing sarcoma treatment: a gene therapy approach","volume":"30","author":"Tsibulnikov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-21-5616","article-title":"Resection of a giant sternal chondrosarcoma and chest wall reconstruction: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12072506","article-title":"Chondrosarcoma: a clinical review","volume":"12","author":"Gazendam","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-013-1800-z","article-title":"Preoperative radiographic and histopathologic evaluation of central chondrosarcoma","volume":"133","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/s0221-0363(10)70038-x","article-title":"[Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation]","volume":"91","author":"Bierry","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Radiol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2025.105075","article-title":"Chondrosarcoma: clinical behavior, molecular mechanisms, and emerging therapeutic strategies","volume":"218","author":"Agulnik","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2022.103685","article-title":"SELNET Clinical practice guidelines for bone sarcoma","volume":"174","author":"Blay","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.84b1.11942","article-title":"Risk factors for survival and local control in chondrosarcoma of bone","volume":"84","author":"Fiorenza","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772263","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.772263","article-title":"Metabolic pathways and targets in chondrosarcoma","volume":"11","author":"Micaily","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.4314\/emj.v62i2.9","article-title":"Chondrosarcoma of the sternum: a rare and challenging entity","volume":"62","author":"Guiga","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ethiop Med J"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860410002770","article-title":"Chondrosarcomas of the base of the skull in ollier\u2019s disease or maffucci\u2019s syndrome\u2013three case reports and review of the literature","volume":"43","author":"No\u00ebl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-021-01313-9","article-title":"Chondrosarcoma of the temporomandibular joint: systematic review and survival analysis of cases reported to date","volume":"15","author":"Faro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4415","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4019","article-title":"Prognostic importance of IDH mutations in chondrosarcoma: an individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Vuong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2502098","article-title":"Medical imaging and pediatric and adolescent hematologic cancer risk","volume":"393","author":"Smith-Bindman","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2020.12.007","article-title":"Calcaneal bone tumors","volume":"38","author":"Temple","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Podiatr Med Surg"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e31822048ff","article-title":"Imaging features of chondrosarcoma","volume":"35","author":"Soldatos","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20170579","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170579","article-title":"Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit: imaging features of CT and MRI","volume":"91","author":"Tsuchiya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2913","article-title":"IDH1 And IDH2 mutations are frequent events in central chondrosarcoma and central and periosteal chondromas but not in other mesenchymal tumours","volume":"224","author":"Amary","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5516","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11195516","article-title":"Chest-Wall tumors and surgical techniques: state-of-the-art and our institutional experience","volume":"11","author":"Gonfiotti","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17832","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96953-w","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy versus incisional biopsy in soft tissue sarcoma: an institutional experience","volume":"11","author":"Cernakova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-023-02712-0","article-title":"Tumor seeding following CT- guided transthoracic needle biopsy in lung cancer. A case report","volume":"23","author":"Melzer","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics8020025","article-title":"Percutaneous, imaging-guided biopsy of bone metastases","volume":"8","author":"Filippiadis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-783x-17-29","article-title":"Percutaneous core needle biopsy versus open biopsy in diagnostics of bone and soft tissue sarcoma: a retrospective study","volume":"17","author":"Pohlig","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e250017","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2025.0017","article-title":"Bone cancer, version 2.2025, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology","volume":"23","author":"Biermann","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-024-02868-4","article-title":"UK Guidelines for the management of bone sarcomas","volume":"132","author":"Gerrand","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1097\/corr.0000000000000982","article-title":"CORR Insights\u00ae: is the width of a surgical margin associated with the outcome of disease in patients with peripheral chondrosarcoma of the pelvis? A multicenter study","volume":"477","author":"Lam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"B28","author":"Rosenblatt","year":"2021"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-022-00951-7","article-title":"Systemic therapy for chondrosarcoma","volume":"23","author":"Rock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Oncol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2024.109491","article-title":"Enhancing surgical margins: a key to survival in pelvic chondrosarcoma","volume":"51","author":"Laitinen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.12.012","article-title":"Contemporary outcomes of surgical resection for chest wall chondrosarcoma","volume":"13","author":"Alvarado","year":"2023","journal-title":"JTCVS Open"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e233156","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-233156","article-title":"Multidisciplinary approach to chest wall reconstruction in primary breast angiosarcoma resection","volume":"13","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50716-x","article-title":"Finite element analysis and clinical study of chest wall reconstruction using carbon fiber artificial rib","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B34","author":"Weerakkody","year":"2019"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-025-07613-w","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes after immediate and delayed DIEP-flap breast reconstruction in the setting of post-mastectomy radiation therapy-results of the multicenter UMBRELLA breast cancer cohort","volume":"210","author":"Jansen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2023.11.003","article-title":"Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol improves postoperative pain a nd shortens length of stay among patients undergoing primary total kne e arthroplasty","volume":"47","author":"Ng","year":"","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15071962","article-title":"Chondrosarcoma resistance to radiation therapy: origins and potential therapeutic solutions","volume":"15","author":"Gilbert","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07399-1","article-title":"Results of salvage treatment with CyberKnife\u00ae fractioned radiosurgery in recurrent large chordoma","volume":"32","author":"Berber","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682241227917","article-title":"Latest developments in targeted biological therapies in the management of chordoma and chondrosarcoma","volume":"15","author":"Biczo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.jcrt_2269_23","article-title":"New advances in the treatment of chondrosarcoma under the PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway","volume":"20","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8090-5-56","article-title":"Sternal reentry in a patient with previous deep sternal wound infection managed with horizontal titanium plate fixation","volume":"5","author":"Baillot","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-016-0458-3","article-title":"Titanium plate fixation versus conventional approach in the treatment of deep sternal wound infection","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1779653\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T05:53:36Z","timestamp":1777442016000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1779653\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1779653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1779653","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-875X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-875X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"article-number":"1779653"}}