{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:04:43Z","timestamp":1790229883630,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe clinical and audiological characteristics and evaluate the diagnostic value of wideband tympanometry (WBT) combined with Kempthorne otoscopic features in adults with otitis media with effusion (OME).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A prospective descriptive study with surgical intervention was conducted on 66 ears with clinically suspected OME in patients aged \u226516 years at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from June 2024 to October 2025. Kempthorne score &amp;gt;5 was used solely as an eligibility threshold. Clinical examination, rigid otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry, conventional 226-Hz tympanometry, and WBT were performed. Intraoperative middle-ear fluid at myringotomy served as the positive reference standard in 31 operated ears; the remaining 35 non-operated ears were classified as disease-negative without surgical verification (composite reference standard with partial verification). An\n                      <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic>\n                      sample-size calculation targeted \u226528 surgically verified ears (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.05, power 80%);\n                      <jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n                      power for AUC comparison was 84.6%. Three diagnostic strategies were evaluated: (1) standard 226-Hz tympanometry (type B or C); (2) WBT alone; (3) combined model\u2014positive WBT plus \u22651 high-yield Kempthorne morphological feature (air-fluid level and\/or absent mobility), excluding the enrollment threshold.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All enrolled ears had Kempthorne scores &amp;gt;5. Against the 66-ear composite reference dataset (31 fluid-positive, 35 assumed fluid-negative), sensitivity\/specificity\/AUC were 100.0%\/68.2%\/0.84 for standard tympanometry, 77.4%\/81.8%\/0.91 for WBT alone, and 93.5%\/86.4%\/0.94 for the combined model (McNemar\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.042). Among surgically verified ears, standard 226-Hz tympanometry detected all fluid-positive cases (sensitivity 100.0%). Operated and non-operated ears did not differ significantly on key preoperative indices (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>WBT combined with specific Kempthorne morphological features provided complementary morphological and absorbance information in adult OME. However, because standard tympanometry already achieved 100% sensitivity in the operated subset, any apparent advantage of the combined model in specificity, NPV, and AUC is derived largely from the surgically unverified reference-negative subset and must be interpreted with caution in light of severe partial verification bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1820449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:44:40Z","timestamp":1790228680000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of wideband tympanometry combined with kempthorne criteria in the diagnosis of otitis media with effusion in adults: a prospective study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nguyen","family":"Trieu Viet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy","place":["Can Tho, Vietnam"]},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital","place":["Can Tho, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen","family":"Thi Ngoc Lien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy","place":["Can Tho, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pham","family":"Thanh The","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy","place":["Can Tho, Vietnam"]},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital","place":["Can Tho, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chau","family":"Chieu Hoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Can Tho Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital","place":["Can Tho, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen","family":"Thi Kieu Tuyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy","place":["Can Tho, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215116000943","article-title":"Aetiology and pathology of otitis media with effusion in adult life","volume":"130","author":"Mills","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.490","article-title":"Otitis media with effusion in Africa: prevalence and associated factors\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Tuomi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig 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