{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:28:52Z","timestamp":1787052532033,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emerging technologies are increasingly reshaping thoracic surgery across the continuum of care, from imaging-based diagnosis and risk stratification to operative planning, minimally invasive intervention, postoperative monitoring, and remote surgical delivery. Artificial intelligence, robotic-assisted thoracic surgery, and telesurgery represent three major domains with the potential to improve precision, personalization, and access to specialized thoracic care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the applications, clinical value, limitations, and future directions of artificial intelligence, robotic-assisted surgery, and telesurgery in thoracic surgical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A narrative review of recent literature was conducted, focusing on studies and reviews addressing artificial intelligence\u2013enabled thoracic imaging, pulmonary nodule assessment, radiomics, three-dimensional reconstruction, intraoperative navigation, perioperative risk prediction, robotic thoracic procedures, and 5G-enabled telesurgical systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence has demonstrated increasing utility in pulmonary nodule detection, malignancy risk estimation, automated segmentation, surgical planning, augmented intraoperative visualization, and prediction of postoperative complications. Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery has expanded the scope of minimally invasive thoracic surgery by providing enhanced three-dimensional visualization, articulated instrumentation, improved dexterity, and favorable perioperative outcomes across lung, mediastinal, and esophageal procedures. Telesurgery, particularly when supported by ultra-low-latency 5G connectivity, has shown early feasibility in extending expert surgical care across long distances and enabling remote collaboration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence, robotic-assisted surgery, and telesurgery are redefining thoracic surgery toward a more precise, data-driven, minimally invasive, and globally connected discipline. Responsible integration will be essential to ensure that technological innovation translates into safer procedures, improved outcomes, and equitable access to advanced thoracic surgical care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1890003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T10:54:17Z","timestamp":1787050457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emerging technologies in thoracic surgery: artificial intelligence, robotic-assisted surgery, and telesurgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zaid","family":"Yacoub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University","place":["East Jerusalem, Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Shweiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds 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