{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T05:21:40Z","timestamp":1787721700547,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Surg."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Biologic extracellular matrix (ECM) implants are investigated for abdominal wall reconstruction because they may support tissue remodeling while limiting persistent foreign-body reactions. However, their response to contamination with multidrug-resistant pathogens remains insufficiently characterized. This exploratory study compared a bovine-derived peritoneum ECM scaffold with UltraPro mesh in a rat model of\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      contamination.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty outbred rats were included. Twenty-four animals underwent ECM or UltraPro implantation and were evaluated on postoperative days 10 and 20 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096 per subgroup); six non-implanted animals receiving sterile saline served as a non-implanted reference group. Abdominal wall defects were reconstructed and inoculated with 200\u2005\u00b5L of an\n                      <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      suspension at 10\n                      <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2005CFU\/mL. Tissue responses were assessed using semi-quantitative histological scoring based on ISO 10993-6 principles. Conventional microbiological culture was also performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All animals survived, and no clinically evident wound infection, dehiscence, or abscess formation was observed. On day 10, ECM demonstrated greater necrosis and polymorphonuclear-cell infiltration than UltraPro. By day 20, ECM showed reduced necrosis, increased cellular colonization, and greater reticulin fiber deposition, consistent with early tissue organization. UltraPro demonstrated increasing multinucleated giant-cell activity, fibrosis, granulomatous inflammation, and capsule formation. Conventional culture did not recover viable\n                      <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      from ECM specimens, whereas the organism was recovered from 2 of 12 UltraPro specimens.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Under experimental\n                      <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      contamination, ECM and UltraPro demonstrated distinct early patterns of tissue response. ECM showed a more pronounced acute inflammatory response followed by histological changes consistent with early tissue organization, whereas UltraPro demonstrated progressive foreign-body and fibrotic changes during the observation period. Because of the small subgroup size, short follow-up, absence of concurrent sterile implant controls, semi-quantitative histological assessment, and lack of quantitative microbiological and biomechanical evaluation, these findings should be considered exploratory and do not establish superior functional or clinical performance of either material. Longer-term microbiological, mechanical, and functional studies are required.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1891844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T04:50:02Z","timestamp":1787719802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative tissue response to a bovine peritoneum matrix and UltraPro mesh under experimental Acinetobacter baumannii contamination"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ruslan","family":"Badyrov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurkassi","family":"Abatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyona","family":"Lavrinenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head of the Scientific Research Laboratory of the Institute of Life Sciences, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurlan","family":"Urazbayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of the Medical University, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Badyrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of the Medical University, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilyas","family":"Bayakhmetov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of the Medical University, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magauiya","family":"Abatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Izmailovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yevgeniy","family":"Kamyshanskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of the Medical University, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2013.06.009","article-title":"Prevention of incisional hernias: how to close a midline incision","volume":"93","author":"Israelsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2007.11.003","article-title":"Immune response to biologic scaffold materials","volume":"20","author":"Badylak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2010.01.015","article-title":"The intraoperative Surgical Apgar Score predicts postdischarge complications after colon and rectal resection","volume":"148","author":"Regenbogen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2012.04.005","article-title":"Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic and open distal pancreatectomy: Our institution's 5-year experience","volume":"35","author":"Soh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2016.05.006","article-title":"Risk factors for mesh infection after abdominal wall hernia repair","volume":"40","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.59598\/ME-2305-6045-2024-111-2-93-104","article-title":"Periprosthetic joint infection after total knee arthroplasty. Lessons learned: a case report and literature review","volume":"2","author":"Konkayev","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Ecol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004336","article-title":"Preventing recurrence in clean and contaminated hernias using biologic versus synthetic mesh in ventral hernia repair: the PRICE randomized clinical trial","volume":"273","author":"Harris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.6902","article-title":"Biologic vs synthetic mesh for single-stage repair of contaminated ventral hernias: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"157","author":"Rosen","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-07","article-title":"Acinetobacter baumannii: emergence of a successful pathogen","volume":"21","author":"Peleg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"119","article-title":"Biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"37","author":"Longo","year":"2014","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10040382","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance and genotypes of nosocomial strains of Acinetobacter baumannii in Kazakhstan","volume":"10","author":"Lavrinenko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.59598\/ME-2305-6045-2024-113-4-85-90","article-title":"Frequency of detection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in various clinical materials from patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases in non-infectious clinics","volume":"4","author":"Utegenova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Ecol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2011.06.013","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes for mortality in patients with postoperative Acinetobacter baumannii infections","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.19700","article-title":"Acinetobacter baumannii: an emerging opportunistic pathogen","volume":"3","author":"Howard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9030119","article-title":"Insights into Acinetobacter baumannii: a review of microbiological, virulence, and resistance traits","volume":"9","author":"Ayoub Moubareck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.148","article-title":"Uncovering the mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii virulence","volume":"6","author":"Harding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46071","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01601","article-title":"The mechanisms of disease caused by Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"10","author":"Morris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-021-05068-9","article-title":"Experimental extracellular matrix of the Xenoperitoneum: comprehensive assessment of a new biological material for plastic surgery of anterior abdominal wall defects","volume":"170","author":"Maxyatkina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina62050803","article-title":"Intraperitoneal polypropylene mesh in clean, potentially septic, and controlled contamination fields: an experimental rat study","volume":"62","author":"Makrantonakis","year":"2026","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"B20","unstructured":"Badyrov\n              RM\n            \n          \n          Karaganda, Kazakhstan\n          Karaganda Medical University\n          Experimental substantiation of the use of xenoperitoneal extracellular matrix for abdominal wall reconstruction\n          \n          2018"},{"key":"B21","author":"Abatov","year":"2019"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.23950\/jcmk\/17723","article-title":"Extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix: evaluation of a new biological implant for abdominal wall reconstruction under bacterial contamination in an in vivo experimental model","volume":"23","author":"Abatov","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Med Kaz"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"175","article-title":"Experimental evaluation of tissue response to implant materials under Escherichia coli contamination","volume":"370","author":"Urazbayev","year":"2026","journal-title":"Georgian Med News"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2017.24.5.11","article-title":"Sample size calculation in animal studies using resource equation approach","volume":"24","author":"Arifin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malays J Med Sci"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2018.03.017","article-title":"A simulation model of nail bed suture and nail fixation: description and preliminary evaluation","volume":"228","author":"Giurin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2024.101151","article-title":"Contribution of tregs to the promotion of constructive remodeling after decellularized extracellular matrix material implantation","volume":"27","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0196","DOI":"10.34133\/bmr.0196","article-title":"Decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold loaded with regulatory T cell-conditioned Medium induces M2 macrophage polarization","volume":"29","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomater Res"},{"key":"B28","first-page":"123","article-title":"Study of biomechanical properties of a new biological implant based on extracellular bovine-derived peritoneum matrix for abdominal wall defects repair","volume":"1","author":"Badyrov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Ecol"},{"key":"B29","first-page":"24","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of xenoperitoneal extracellular matrix implantation in experimental models","volume":"20","author":"Badyrov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Healthcare"},{"key":"B30","first-page":"94","article-title":"Decellularized matrix of xenoperitoneum: a quantitative assessment of hearing sense presence after myringoplasty with a biological implant in an experiment","volume":"4","author":"Yesniyazov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Ecol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411872","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1411872","article-title":"Cellular and microenvironmental cues that promote macrophage fusion and foreign body response","volume":"15","author":"Stewart","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3711","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S332051","article-title":"Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm formation and its role in disease pathogenesis: a review","volume":"14","author":"Gedefie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030883","article-title":"Antimicrobial meshes for hernia repair: current progress and perspectives","volume":"11","author":"Mirel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-020-02358-5","article-title":"Ventral hernia repair with synthetic mesh in a contaminated field: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Morris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hernia"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1891844\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T04:50:10Z","timestamp":1787719810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1891844\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1891844"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2026.1891844","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-875X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-875X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"article-number":"1891844"}}