{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T23:13:46Z","timestamp":1783379626194,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018818","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Toxicol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mycotoxins are widespread food contaminants that pose a significant global health concern. While their hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and carcinogenic effects are well established and characterized, their effects on adipose tissue biology and systemic lipid regulation remain incompletely understood. Given adipose tissue\u2019s central role in lipid homeostasis, endocrine regulation, and as a storage reservoir for adipophilic compounds, understanding these effects is critical.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and prospectively registered to PROSPERO (CRD42022287044). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in CENTRAL, Embase, and MEDLINE (PubMed) through 16 January 2026. Experimental\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      studies examining the effects of mycotoxins on adipose tissue, lipid metabolism, or mycotoxin distribution in fat tissue were included. Risk of bias in animal studies was assessed using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias Tool. A descriptive qualitative synthesis was performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-one experimental studies met the inclusion criteria. Across animal models, mycotoxin exposure consistently disrupted lipid homeostasis, leading to elevated serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, and VLDL levels, alongside reduced HDL concentrations. These effects were mediated through toxin-specific mechanisms, including inhibition of\n                      <jats:italic>ppar<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b1 signaling by aflatoxins and ochratoxin, suppression of\n                      <jats:italic>ppar\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                      by deoxynivalenol, and activation of\n                      <jats:italic>ppar\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                      by zearalenone. Mycotoxins also impaired adipokine secretion, with reduced leptin and adiponectin levels, and were associated with insulin resistance and altered glucose metabolism. Importantly, although mycotoxins are primarily metabolized in the liver, multiple studies demonstrated substantial accumulation and prolonged retention in adipose tissue, suggesting a secondary toxicokinetic reservoir.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mycotoxins exert significant, toxin-specific effects on lipid metabolism and adipose tissue function and may contribute to cardiometabolic dysfunction. Adipose tissue appears to play a key role in mycotoxin bioaccumulation, with potential implications for chronic exposure and delayed systemic toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/ftox.2026.1870680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T22:14:54Z","timestamp":1783376094000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The role of mycotoxins in lipid metabolism and homeostasis: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Bernadett","family":"Cs\u00f3kay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eszter","family":"Ruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Sz\u0151ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences","place":["G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levente","family":"S\u00e1ra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Juretmed Healthcare Service and R&D Consultant Ltd","place":["Hyderabad, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Komor\u00f3czy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apolka","family":"Szentirmay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rk\u00f3","family":"Unicsovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"S\u00e1ra-Popovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences","place":["G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"]},{"name":"Juretmed Healthcare Service and R&D Consultant Ltd","place":["Hyderabad, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00f3ra","family":"Hol\u00e9ci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences","place":["G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Hamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2017.12.045","article-title":"Protective capabilities of silymarin and inulin nanoparticles against hepatic oxidative stress, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of deoxynivalenol in rats","volume":"142","author":"Abdel-Wahhab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2017.01.014","article-title":"Pathological and biochemical evaluation of coumarin and chlorophyllin against aflatoxicosis in rat","volume":"69","author":"Abdel-Latif","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. 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