{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T03:19:08Z","timestamp":1787541548771,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":262,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Toxicol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>According to WHO data, approximately 57 million people worldwide were affected by dementia in 2021, with prevalence projected to rise. Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), responsible for 60%\u201380% of dementia cases, continues to be a leading cause of mortality, with current treatments offering limited efficacy and disease-modifying therapies lacking widespread adoption or conclusive safety evidence, shifting the focus toward prevention and risk modification. Risk factors for AD include both non-modifiable elements, such as age, genetics, and gender, and modifiable factors, like environmental pollution, health status, and diet. While age remains the primary non-modifiable risk factor, early-onset dementia represents only up to 9% of cases. Addressing modifiable factors is essential, as it could prevent or delay almost half of dementia cases, with interventions\u2014such as increased physical activity, smoking cessation, alcohol limitation, and overall health management\u2014being significantly associated with a reduced risk. In this context, the exposome approach offers a comprehensive, integrative framework in which both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors interact to influence individual susceptibility. Within the neural exposome, chronic low-dose exposure to xenobiotics\u2014such as industrial chemicals, pesticides, metals, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), and air pollutants\u2014may induce neurodegeneration via mechanisms including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, proteinopathies, and epigenetic modifications, although establishing causality remains challenging. Integration of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics, combined with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), provides promising avenues for biomarker discovery, enhanced preventive strategies, early non-invasive diagnosis, and therapeutic target identification by integrating multi-layered biological data with exposure profiles. This review highlights emerging AD risk factors\u2014including PPCPs\u2014underscoring complex, multifactorial nature of AD and exposome, and the requirement for an interdisciplinary research approach, while also addressing several critical research gaps and methodological limitations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/ftox.2026.1871830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T02:22:55Z","timestamp":1787538175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exposome influences: a multi-omics perspective on the combined toxic effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"\u0130. \u0130pek","family":"Bo\u015fgelmez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University","place":["Kayseri, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beyza","family":"Merta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, D\u00fczce University","place":["D\u00fczce, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayrunnisa","family":"Deliser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University","place":["Kayseri, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.13161","article-title":"Assessing the impact of exposure misclassification in case\u2013control studies of self-reported medication use","volume":"40","author":"Adrien","year":"2026","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3390\/jox15020047","article-title":"Associations of environmental exposure to arsenic, manganese, lead, and cadmium with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a review of recent evidence from mechanistic studies","volume":"15","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Xenobiotics"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2819","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.21.2819","article-title":"Effects of rofecoxib or naproxen vs placebo on Alzheimer disease progression","volume":"289","author":"Aisen","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-05153-5","article-title":"ER stress and UPR in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: mechanisms, pathogenesis, treatments","volume":"13","author":"Ajoolabady","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.125056","article-title":"Assessing pesticide residue occurrence and risks in the environment across Europe and Argentina","volume":"363","author":"Alaoui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2024.100024","article-title":"The effect of sleep disturbances on the incidence of dementia for varying lag times","volume":"12","author":"Alders","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318157cad2","article-title":"Smoking is associated with reduced cortical regional gray matter density in brain regions associated with incipient Alzheimer disease","volume":"16","author":"Almeida","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2024.115212","article-title":"Heavy metals exposure and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: underlying mechanisms and advancing therapeutic approaches","volume":"476","author":"Althobaiti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e15173","article-title":"Widespread use of toxic agrochemicals and pesticides for agricultural products storage in Africa and developing countries: possible panacea for ecotoxicology and health implications","volume":"9","author":"Anaduaka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20253019","article-title":"Oxidative stress \u2013 Alzheimer\u2019s disease \u2013 DNA methylation: the role of arsenic","volume":"69","author":"Antinori","year":"2025","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2021.12.007","article-title":"Leveraging artificial intelligence to advance the understanding of chemical neurotoxicity","volume":"89","author":"Aschner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfu208","article-title":"Exposure to As-Cd-and Pb-Mixture induces A\u03b2, amyloidogenic APP processing and cognitive impairments via oxidative stress-dependent neuroinflammation in young rats","volume":"143","author":"Ashok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010467","article-title":"Heavy metals and essential metals are associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Babi\u0107 Leko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aeb6374","article-title":"Include a mixture allocation factor to improve EU chemical risk management","volume":"390","author":"Backhaus","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science (80-)"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.11.005","article-title":"Machine learning and artificial intelligence in neuroscience: a primer for researchers","volume":"115","author":"Badrulhisham","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bbaf355","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaf355","article-title":"A technical review of multi-omics data integration methods: from classical statistical to deep generative approaches","volume":"26","author":"Bai\u00e3o","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s13040-024-00391-z","article-title":"Deep learning-based approaches for multi-omics data integration and analysis","volume":"17","author":"Ballard","year":"2024","journal-title":"BioData Min."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.01.039","article-title":"Pesticides exposure as etiological factors of Parkinson\u2019s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases\u2014A mechanistic approach","volume":"230","author":"Baltazar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2019.12.012","article-title":"Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI): concepts, taxonomies, opportunities and challenges toward responsible AI","volume":"58","author":"Barredo Arrieta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03290-6","article-title":"Glyphosate exposure exacerbates neuroinflammation and Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like pathology despite a 6-month recovery period in mice","volume":"21","author":"Bartholomew","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.06.036","article-title":"Phthalates impact human health: epidemiological evidences and plausible mechanism of action","volume":"340","author":"Benjamin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021231","article-title":"Multi-omic blood biomarkers as dynamic risk predictors in late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"25","author":"Bhalala","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-026-00934-4","article-title":"Systems biology of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: a scoping review of key pathways and mechanisms","volume":"21","author":"Bice","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g5205","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5205","article-title":"Benzodiazepine use and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: case-control study","volume":"349","author":"Billioti de Gage","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD001190","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001190.pub2","article-title":"Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"1","author":"Birks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2022.89","article-title":"What are the remaining challenges before blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease can be used in clinical practice?","volume":"9","author":"Bittner","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14091044","article-title":"Oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a metabolic perspective","volume":"14","author":"Boccardi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ujae058","DOI":"10.1093\/biomtc\/ujae058","article-title":"Differential recall bias in estimating treatment effects in observational studies","volume":"80","author":"Bong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623307313011","article-title":"Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with neuroinflammation, an altered innate immune response, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, ultrafine particulate deposition, and accumulation of amyloid \u03b2-42 and \u03b1-synuclein in children and young adult","volume":"36","author":"Calder\u00f3n-Garcidue\u00f1as","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol. Pathol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00282","article-title":"Methodological issues in the clinical validation of biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the paradigmatic example of CSF","volume":"11","author":"Canevelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251364559","article-title":"Association of plastic-associated chemicals with Alzheimer\u2019s disease amyloid-\u03b2 and cognitive status","volume":"107","author":"Canovas","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2025.04.008","article-title":"Developmental neurotoxicity of bisphenol F and bisphenol S in animal model systems: a literature review","volume":"108","author":"Cantua","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/s44184-022-00018-3","article-title":"Shedding light on the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia: the exposome paradigm","volume":"1","author":"Cavaliere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Npj Ment. Heal. Res."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e3182420b6e","article-title":"Smoking, death, and Alzheimer disease","volume":"26","author":"Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-025-03619-6","article-title":"Alcohol addiction and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a molecular collision course","volume":"15","author":"Chang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.12.011","article-title":"Anticholinergic medication use and risk of dementia among elderly nursing home residents with depression","volume":"24","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8271","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17218271","article-title":"Clinical use of acid suppressants and risk of dementia in the elderly: a pharmaco-epidemiological cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25688","article-title":"Mitigating site effects in covariance for machine learning in neuroimaging data","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e315","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.315","article-title":"Applications of multi-omics analysis in human diseases","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2026.118785","article-title":"Targeting STAT3 in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: potential mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"310","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127068","article-title":"From disinfectant to neurodegeneration: integrating machine learning and mendelian randomization reveals triclosan as a novel environmental risk factor for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"385","author":"Cheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00124","article-title":"Environmental pollutants as risk factors for neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer and parkinson diseases","volume":"9","author":"Chin-Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12341","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-42355-9","article-title":"A unified framework for correcting batch effects and integrating multi-omics data","volume":"16","author":"Choi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-025-04009-z","article-title":"Neurobehavioral effects of low dose exposure to chemical mixtures: a review","volume":"99","author":"Constantinescu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358568","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1358568","article-title":"Association between CNS-active drugs and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s and age-related neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"15","author":"Cortes-Flores","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-023-03614-0","article-title":"Effect of bisphenol A on the neurological system: a review update","volume":"98","author":"Costa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.0677","article-title":"Anticholinergic drug exposure and the risk of dementia","volume":"179","author":"Coupland","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2024.114625","article-title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyls used as cosmetic ingredients - qualitative study of 765 cosmetic products","volume":"187","author":"Couteau","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109501","article-title":"Co-exposure to ozone and polystyrene nanoplastic exacerbates cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behavior by regulating neuronal pyroptosis in mice","volume":"199","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2026.108896","article-title":"Assessment of medication-related risks for mortality prediction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"208","author":"Decaix","year":"2026","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emcon.2025.100474","article-title":"Exposure to bisphenol A and its analogs provides a preliminary indication of the risk of cognitive impairment for the elderly via an XGboost-based model","volume":"11","author":"Deng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg. Contam."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2022.04.004","article-title":"Cerebral concentration and toxicity of endocrine disrupting chemicals: the implication of blood-brain interfaces","volume":"91","author":"Denuzi\u00e8re","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.5c00375","article-title":"Mixture toxicity in human health: integrating one health, exposomics, and modern risk assessment strategies","volume":"39","author":"Domingo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3390\/neurolint17120197","article-title":"Systematic review: proteomics-driven multi-omics integration for Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology and precision medicine","volume":"17","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurol. Int."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15721","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115721","article-title":"Common and trace metals in Alzheimer\u2019s and parkinson\u2019s diseases","volume":"24","author":"Doroszkiewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.04.079","article-title":"Association between mixed exposure of phenols, parabens, phthalates and cognitive function in US elders","volume":"382","author":"Du","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2025.08.035","article-title":"Internal validation strategy for high dimensional prognosis model: a simulation study and application to transcriptomic in head and neck tumors","volume":"27","author":"Dubray-Vautrin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"077008","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP11514","article-title":"Behavior, neural structure, and metabolism in adult Male mice exposed to environmentally relevant doses of Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate alone or in a phthalate mixture","volume":"131","author":"Ducroq","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2025.102713","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"107","author":"D\u2019Alessandro","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106903","article-title":"Human health impacts of exposure to phthalate plasticizers: an overview of reviews","volume":"158","author":"Eales","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/10408444.2022.2091423","article-title":"Critical review and analysis of literature on low dose exposure to chemical mixtures in mammalian in vivo systems","volume":"52","author":"Elcombe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3002607","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3002607","article-title":"Brain high-throughput multi-omics data reveal molecular heterogeneity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Eteleeb","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS Biol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s12403-026-00769-w","article-title":"Association between heavy metal exposure and Alzheimer\u2019s disease prevalence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Fang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Expo. Heal."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12111676","article-title":"Linking the amyloid, Tau, and mitochondrial hypotheses of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and identifying promising drug targets","volume":"12","author":"Fi\u0161ar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2022.113500","article-title":"Single and repeated bisphenol A treatment induces ROS, A\u03b2 and hyperphosphorylated-tau accumulation, and insulin pathways disruption, through HDAC2 and PTP1B overexpression, leading to SN56 cholinergic apoptotic cell death","volume":"170","author":"Flores","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098308","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2023.1098308","article-title":"Missing data in multi-omics integration: recent advances through artificial intelligence","volume":"6","author":"Flores","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1550211","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1550211","article-title":"Organelle perturbation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: do intracellular amyloid-\u00df and the fragmented Golgi mediate early intracellular neurotoxicity?","volume":"13","author":"Fourriere","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12100949","article-title":"Multi-omics, an integrated approach to identify novel blood biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2025.105850","article-title":"Clearing the confounding confusion: benzodiazepines and the risk of dementia?","volume":"134","author":"Friesen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3562","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-24837-z","article-title":"Association between long-term exposure to air pollutant mixture and the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease among older people: a prospective cohort study in China","volume":"25","author":"Fu","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674140","DOI":"10.3389\/ftox.2025.1674140","article-title":"Toxicity effects of cadmium and \u03b2-cypermethrin on zebrafish by single and combined exposure: oxidative stress and histopathological evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Fu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Toxicol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1510529","article-title":"An informatics approach to evaluating combined chemical exposures from consumer products: a case study of asthma-associated chemicals and potential endocrine disruptors","volume":"124","author":"Gabb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13817","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c03080","article-title":"The human exposome: integrating the environment, human health, and society for the next 60 years","volume":"60","author":"Gago-Ferrero","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02580-1","article-title":"Pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies and biomarker development based on \u201comics\u201d analysis related to microglia in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.61747\/0ifp.202503005","article-title":"Organelle abnormalities in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Organelle"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70226","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70226","article-title":"The role of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in cognitive impairment and dementia","volume":"21","author":"Gardener","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inpsyc.2025.100051","article-title":"Geographical inequalities in dementia diagnosis and care: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Giebel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatrics"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9858","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26209858","article-title":"Potential role of membrane contact sites in the dysregulation of the crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Girolimetti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.4791","article-title":"Association of proton pump inhibitors with risk of dementia","volume":"73","author":"Gomm","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"tfaf113","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfaf113","article-title":"Exploring the causal relationship and molecular mechanisms between methyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (MEP) and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a mendelian randomization, multi-omics, and network toxicology approach","volume":"14","author":"Gong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Toxicol. Res. (Camb)."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16010010","article-title":"Influence of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used in Alzheimer\u2019s disease treatment on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of glutathione in THP-1 macrophages under fluoride-induced oxidative stress","volume":"16","author":"Goschorska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.7663","article-title":"Cumulative use of strong anticholinergics and incident dementia","volume":"175","author":"Gray","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1280-2","article-title":"Anticholinergic and benzodiazepine medication use and risk of incident dementia: a UK cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Grossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17291","article-title":"Polypharmacy among older adults with dementia compared with those without dementia in the United States","volume":"69","author":"Growdon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.6","article-title":"TSPAN5, ERICH3 and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in major depressive disorder: pharmacometabolomics-informed pharmacogenomics","volume":"21","author":"Gupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.150433","article-title":"Statins are associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer disease regardless of lipophilicity. The Rotterdam study","volume":"80","author":"Haag","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-014-0554-0","article-title":"Risk of dementia in elderly patients with the use of proton pump inhibitors","volume":"265","author":"Haenisch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2017.1287866","article-title":"A precision medicine initiative for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the road ahead to biomarker-guided integrative disease modeling","volume":"20","author":"Hampel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1215-1","article-title":"Multi-omics approaches to disease","volume":"18","author":"Hasin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enceco.2025.10.023","article-title":"Endocrine disruptors, immune dysregulation, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a multi-omics approach to uncovering environmental neurogenetics","volume":"7","author":"Hong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Ecotoxicol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.3762","article-title":"Minocycline at 2 different dosages vs placebo for patients with mild Alzheimer disease","volume":"77","author":"Howard","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6257","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-024-01224-x","article-title":"Identifying modifiable factors and their joint effect on brain health: an exposome-wide association study","volume":"46","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"GeroScience"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.01.018","article-title":"Metal toxicity links to Alzheimer\u2019s disease and neuroinflammation","volume":"431","author":"Huat","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671047","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1671047","article-title":"Addressing common biases in the evaluation of lifetime alcohol consumption patterns and dementia risk: the EPIC-spain dementia cohort","volume":"12","author":"Huerta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"B95","unstructured":"Global burden of disease (2025) \u2013 with major processing by our world in data. \u201cDeath rate from Alzheimer\u2019s \u2013 IHME\u201d (dataset)\n          \n          \n          2025"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.03916.x","article-title":"Metformin, other antidiabetic drugs, and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a population-based case\u2013control study","volume":"60","author":"Imfeld","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903099","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.903099","article-title":"Exposure of metal toxicity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an extensive review","volume":"13","author":"Islam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabo6764","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo6764","article-title":"Unified epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic taxonomy of Alzheimer\u2019s disease progression and heterogeneity","volume":"8","author":"Iturria-Medina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5143","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13859","article-title":"Revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Alzheimer\u2019s association workgroup","volume":"20","author":"Jack","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25424823251368883","DOI":"10.1177\/25424823251368883","article-title":"A bibliometric and systematic review of the global impact of air pollution on Alzheimer\u2019s disease: insights from cohort studies","volume":"9","author":"Jahedi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. Rep."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)03155-X","article-title":"Statins and the risk of dementia","volume":"356","author":"Jick","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2015.08.005","article-title":"Exposure assessment issues in epidemiology studies of phthalates","volume":"85","author":"Johns","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxj037","article-title":"Adjusting batch effects in microarray expression data using empirical Bayes methods","volume":"8","author":"Johnson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362519","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1362519","article-title":"Editorial: endocrine disruptors and diseases of brain and mind: past and prelude","volume":"15","author":"Johri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6802","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43066-0","article-title":"Association of anticholinergic use with incidence of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: population-based cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Joung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12309","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12309","article-title":"Benzodiazepine use and the risk of dementia","volume":"8","author":"Joyce","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. Transl. Res. Clin. Interv."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11030347","article-title":"Risk of mortality among individual antipsychotics in patients with dementia","volume":"169","author":"Kales","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230122","article-title":"Linking air pollution exposure to blood-based metabolic features in a community-based aging cohort with and without dementia","volume":"96","author":"Kalia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-025-03734-z","article-title":"Beware of counter-intuitive levels of false discoveries in datasets with strong intra-correlations","volume":"26","author":"Kanduri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21622","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-25888-7","article-title":"Author correction: the synergy of \u03b2 amyloid 1-42 and oxidative stress in the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like neurodegeneration of hippocampal cells","volume":"12","author":"Karapetyan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2018.4","article-title":"Integrative omics for health and disease","volume":"19","author":"Karczewski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_599_25","article-title":"The role of the exposome in aging and age-related diseases: a comprehensive review","volume":"17","author":"Kareem","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-13-S16-S5","article-title":"Normalization and missing value imputation for label-free LC-MS analysis","volume":"13","author":"Karpievitch","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Bioinforma."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e47486","DOI":"10.2196\/47486","article-title":"Toward personalized medicine approaches for parkinson disease using digital technologies","volume":"7","author":"Khanna","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Form. Res."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-317431","article-title":"Transfer of a healthy microbiota reduces amyloid and tau pathology in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease animal model","volume":"69","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.26402\/jpp.2025.3.05","article-title":"Prenatal and postnatal exposure to butylparaben induces neurodevelopmental disorders in mice offspring","volume":"76","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.122311","article-title":"Noxious ramifications of cosmetic pollutants on gastrointestinal microbiome: a pathway to neurological disorders","volume":"336","author":"Kiran","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3695","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-30892-6","article-title":"Integrated multi-omics analysis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease shows molecular signatures associated with disease progression and potential therapeutic targets","volume":"13","author":"Kodam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13081404","article-title":"Micro- and nanoplastics breach the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB): biomolecular corona\u2019s role revealed","volume":"13","author":"Kopatz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","article-title":"Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony","volume":"16","author":"Korsunsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s42466-025-00452-6","article-title":"Environmental toxins in neurodegeneration - a narrative review","volume":"7","author":"Kulcs\u00e1rov\u00e1","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4820","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094820","article-title":"Omics data and their integrative analysis to support stratified medicine in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"22","author":"La Cognata","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02089-w","article-title":"Multi-ancestry meta-analysis and fine-mapping in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Lake","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.21.2865","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Alzheimer disease","volume":"289","author":"Launer","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2825","article-title":"Tackling the widespread and critical impact of batch effects in high-throughput data","volume":"11","author":"Leek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-024-01627-1","article-title":"Assessing the contribution of the chemical exposome to neurodegenerative disease","volume":"27","author":"Lef\u00e8vre-Arbogast","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25435","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R111.238691","article-title":"Mass spectrometry strategies in metabolomics","volume":"286","author":"Lei","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-210381","article-title":"Gut microbiota and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"83","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2022.104630","article-title":"Association between polypharmacy and mortality in the older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0325050","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0325050","article-title":"AD-GCN: a novel graph convolutional network integrating multi-omics data for enhanced Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.119954","article-title":"Exploring the phthalates-induced neurotoxicity mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases via network toxicology, single-cell transcriptomics and molecular dynamic simulation","volume":"312","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-016-1122-6","article-title":"An integrative imputation method based on multi-omics datasets","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Bioinforma."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616899","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1616899","article-title":"Decoding neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a multi-omics and AI-driven perspective for precision medicine","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70177","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70177","article-title":"Regular use of opioids and dementia, cognitive measures, and neuroimaging outcomes among UK Biobank participants with chronic non-cancer pain","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00030","article-title":"Are anticholinergic medications associated with increased risk of dementia and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia? A nationwide 15-year Follow-Up cohort study in Taiwan","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120673","article-title":"An insight into sex-specific neurotoxicity and molecular mechanisms of DEHP: a critical review","volume":"316","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01296-0","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the lancet standing commission","volume":"404","author":"Livingston","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0494-8","article-title":"scGen predicts single-cell perturbation responses","volume":"16","author":"Lotfollahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.125098","article-title":"Exposure to PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS induces Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like neuropathology in cerebral organoids","volume":"363","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4063","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084063","article-title":"Perinatal exposure to phthalates: from endocrine to neurodevelopment effects","volume":"22","author":"Lucaccioni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics9070157","article-title":"Comprehensive insight from phthalates occurrence: from health outcomes to emerging analytical approaches","volume":"9","author":"Lu\u00eds","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"B142","unstructured":"A unified approach to interpreting model predictions\n          \n          \n            \n              Lundberg\n              S.\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              S.-I.\n            \n          \n          \n          2017"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.08.001","article-title":"The future of NMR-based metabolomics","volume":"43","author":"Markley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.12.009","article-title":"A multiomic approach to characterize the temporal sequence in Alzheimer\u2019s disease-related pathology","volume":"124","author":"Marttinen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10272-3","article-title":"Analgesic purchases among older adults \u2013 a population-based study","volume":"21","author":"Marttinen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01578-6","article-title":"Multi-omics analysis reveals the key factors involved in the severity of the Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers. Res. Ther."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft251","article-title":"The nature of nurture: refining the definition of the exposome","volume":"137","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.112885","article-title":"Within- and between-person variability of urinary phthalate metabolites and bisphenol analogues over seven days: considerations of biomonitoring study design","volume":"209","author":"Mok","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18103\/mra.v12i8.5228","article-title":"Linking alcohol use to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: interactions with aging and APOE along immune pathways","volume":"12","author":"Monnig","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. Res. Arch."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107694","article-title":"Time-lagged relationships between a decade of air pollution exposure and first hospitalization with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias","volume":"171","author":"Mork","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8528","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c01531","article-title":"Bisphenol F impaired zebrafish cognitive ability through inducing neural cell heterogeneous responses","volume":"56","author":"Mu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.deman.2025.100288","article-title":"Diabetes medications and dementia risk: comparisons of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, metformin, and their combinations","volume":"19","author":"Nemeh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Epidemiol. Manag."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-131901","article-title":"Long-term metformin usage and cognitive function among older adults with diabetes","volume":"41","author":"Ng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8700","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14319","article-title":"Assessing polyomic risk to predict Alzheimer\u2019s disease using a machine learning model","volume":"20","author":"Ngai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614048","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.614048","article-title":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor pharmaco-omics: mechanisms and prediction","volume":"11","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70928","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70928","article-title":"Key research priorities in methodological approaches for measuring the exposome and studying its role in the development of dementia","volume":"21","author":"Nichols","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6797","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56837-1","article-title":"Multiomics analysis to explore blood metabolite biomarkers in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative cohort","volume":"14","author":"Oka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"vbag108","DOI":"10.1093\/bioadv\/vbag108","article-title":"A review of multi-omics integration techniques across five machine learning method families","volume":"6","author":"Olowolayemo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioinforma. Adv."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14020550","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and neuroscience: transformative synergies in brain research and clinical applications","volume":"14","author":"Onciul","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109741","article-title":"Metabolome informs about the chemical exposome and links to brain health","volume":"203","author":"Ore\u0161i\u010d","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170754","article-title":"Identifying critical windows of prenatal phenol, paraben, and pesticide exposure and child neurodevelopment: findings from a prospective cohort study","volume":"920","author":"Oskar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19030315","article-title":"Associations of benzodiazepines, Z-Drugs, and other anxiolytics with subsequent dementia in patients with affective disorders: a nationwide cohort and nested case-control study","volume":"177","author":"Osler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph8030861","article-title":"Long-term low-level arsenic exposure is associated with poorer neuropsychological functioning: a project Frontier study","volume":"8","author":"O\u2019Bryant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57005","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP8905","article-title":"The effects of chronic exposure to ambient traffic-related air pollution on Alzheimer\u2019s disease phenotypes in wildtype and genetically predisposed male and female rats","volume":"129","author":"Patten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206572","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1206572","article-title":"Current and future therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an overview of drug development bottlenecks","volume":"15","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S145","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180631","article-title":"Air pollution and dementia: a systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Peters","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2025.2818","article-title":"Brain abnormalities in children exposed prenatally to the pesticide chlorpyrifos","volume":"82","author":"Peterson","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.3390\/life15040538","article-title":"Combined neurotoxic effects of commercial formulations of pyrethroid (deltamethrin) and neonicotinoid (imidacloprid) pesticides on adult zebrafish (danio rerio): behavioral, molecular, and histopathological analysis","volume":"15","author":"Petrovici","year":"2025","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117650","article-title":"Pre- and early post-natal exposure to phthalates and DINCH in a new type of mother-child cohort relying on within-subject pools of repeated urine samples","volume":"287","author":"Philippat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2021.06.030","article-title":"Integration strategies of multi-omics data for machine learning analysis","volume":"19","author":"Picard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa090","article-title":"Anticholinergic drugs and incident dementia, mild cognitive impairment and cognitive decline: a meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Pieper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"B172","first-page":"313","volume-title":"Working with Omics Data: An Interdisciplinary Challenge at the Crossroads of Biology and Computer Science","author":"Poinsignon","year":"2023"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04095-7","article-title":"Anticholinergic exposure and its association with dementia\/Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mortality in older adults","volume":"23","author":"Poonawalla","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402091","DOI":"10.3389\/frdem.2024.1402091","article-title":"Traffic-related air pollution and APOE4 can synergistically affect hippocampal volume in older women: new findings from UK Biobank","volume":"3","author":"Popov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Dement."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-018-4858-z","article-title":"Intra-hippocampal d-cycloserine rescues decreased social memory, spatial learning reversal, and synaptophysin levels in aged rats","volume":"235","author":"Portero-Tresserra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. Berl."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13477","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors and dementia: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"20","author":"Pourhadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.123422","article-title":"Comprehensive multiresidue chromatographic methods for monitoring pesticides in agricultural areas and corresponding plant protection zones","volume":"344","author":"Pszczoli\u0144ska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11122467","article-title":"Association between heavy metal exposure and Parkinson\u2019s disease: a review of the mechanisms related to oxidative stress","volume":"11","author":"Pyatha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00366","article-title":"The endocrine disruption of prenatal phthalate exposure in mother and offspring","volume":"8","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Public Heal."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-024-01067-2","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies for cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Qiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44659","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08243-z","article-title":"Emerging risk of environmental factors: insight mechanisms of Alzheimer\u2019s diseases","volume":"27","author":"Rahman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-025-03564-z","article-title":"Multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 56,241 individuals identifies known and novel cross-population and ancestry-specific associations as novel risk loci for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Rajabli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106645","article-title":"The joint association of physical activity and fine particulate matter exposure with incident dementia in elderly Hong Kong residents","volume":"156","author":"Ran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1192603","article-title":"Environment and disease risks","volume":"330","author":"Rappaport","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science (80)"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10546","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky889","article-title":"Multi-omic and multi-view clustering algorithms: review and cancer benchmark","volume":"46","author":"Rappoport","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-022-00371-7","article-title":"Environmental chemical exposures and mitochondrial dysfunction: a review of recent literature","volume":"9","author":"Reddam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Environ. Heal. Rep."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2023.153650","article-title":"Subchronic exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) elicits blood\u2013brain barrier dysfunction and neuroinflammation in male C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"499","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.138699","article-title":"Co-exposure to parabens and triclosan and associations with cognitive impairment in an elderly population from Shenzhen, China","volume":"331","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2025.07.030","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-driven multi-omics approaches in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: progress, challenges, and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k1315","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k1315","article-title":"Anticholinergic drugs and risk of dementia: case-control study","author":"Richardson","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2931","article-title":"Normalization of RNA-seq data using factor analysis of control genes or samples","volume":"32","author":"Risso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2024.115932","article-title":"Environmental pesticide exposure and Alzheimer\u2019s disease in southern Spain: a cross-sectional study","volume":"337","author":"Ruiz-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26897","article-title":"Role of the exposome in neurodegenerative disease: recent insights and future directions","volume":"95","author":"Sakowski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.126185","article-title":"Farmers\u2019 behavioral intention towards pesticide safety in Nepal: an assessment of the extended theory of planned behavior","volume":"389","author":"Sapkota","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2026.110117","article-title":"Computational standards and tools for exposome-wide association studies linking the human exposome with health outcomes","volume":"208","author":"Sarigiannis","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.117235","article-title":"Integration of aged brain multi-omics reveals cross-system mechanisms underlying Alzheimer\u2019s disease heterogeneity","volume":"45","author":"Scheidemantel","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx196","article-title":"Removal of batch effects using distribution-matching residual networks","volume":"33","author":"Shaham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12850","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312850","article-title":"Medication exposure and risk of dementia and alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"25","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpac128","article-title":"Blood pressure variability and cognitive decline: a post hoc analysis of the SPRINT MIND trial","volume":"36","author":"Sible","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-025-01780-x","article-title":"Neuro-renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system axis in alzheimer\u2019s disease: from molecular dysregulation to therapeutic redirection","volume":"41","author":"Singh","year":"2026","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251414888","article-title":"Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications and risk of mortality in people with dementia: a nested case-control study in Northern Ireland","volume":"110","author":"Sinnamon","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118759","article-title":"Environmental aluminum exposure and Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"302","author":"Soleimani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-025-05573-2","article-title":"Neurotoxicity and potential mechanisms of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs)","volume":"63","author":"Song","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2024.34","article-title":"Multiomics blood-based biomarkers predict alzheimer\u2019s predementia with high specificity in a multicentric cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Souchet","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117793221989905","DOI":"10.1177\/1177932219899051","article-title":"Multi-omics data integration, interpretation, and its application","volume":"14","author":"Subramanian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioinform. Biol. Insights"},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9487","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65229-0","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A alters the transcriptome-interactome profiles of genes associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease in the offspring hippocampus","volume":"10","author":"Sukjamnong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004902","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2025-004902","article-title":"Evaluating GLP-1 receptor agonists versus metformin as first-line therapy for reducing dementia risk in type 2 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104939","article-title":"Bisphenol A exposure links to exacerbation of memory and cognitive impairment: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"143","author":"Suresh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics8020021","article-title":"Neuropathological mechanisms associated with pesticides in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5938","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23115938","article-title":"An overview of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"23","author":"Teleanu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9347","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04160-1","article-title":"Bisphenol-F and Bisphenol-S (BPF and BPS) impair the stemness of neural stem cells and neuronal fate decision in the hippocampus leading to cognitive dysfunctions","volume":"61","author":"Tiwari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7399","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-34661-3","article-title":"Prenatal DEHP exposure predicts neurological disorders via transgenerational epigenetics","volume":"13","author":"Tran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9","article-title":"Benzodiazepines, z-Hypnotics, and risk of dementia: special considerations of half-lives and concomitant use","volume":"17","author":"Tseng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70037","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.70037","article-title":"Data\u2010driven discovery of associations between prescribed drugs and dementia risk: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Underwood","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. Transl. Res. Clin. Interv."},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390607","DOI":"10.3389\/fbinf.2024.1390607","article-title":"A comprehensive multi-omics analysis reveals unique signatures to predict Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"4","author":"Vacher","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Bioinforma."},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10412","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-66728-2","article-title":"Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and progression across different stages of cognitive decline in the community","volume":"16","author":"Valletta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e084781","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2025-084781","article-title":"Evidence gap in blood biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"390","author":"Van Gool","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2025.154168","article-title":"Exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and phthalates alters neuronal activity and network development","volume":"515","author":"van Melis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bbag227","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbag227","article-title":"Toward trustworthy artificial intelligence in multi-omics: a review of reproducibility, stability, and interpretability","volume":"27","author":"Vo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-016-1273-5","article-title":"Handling missing rows in multi-omics data integration: multiple imputation in multiple factor analysis framework","volume":"17","author":"Voillet","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Bioinforma."},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/s44321-025-00191-w","article-title":"Exposomics: a review of methodologies, applications, and future directions in molecular medicine","volume":"17","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7497","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07544-7","article-title":"Involvement of insulin signaling disturbances in bisphenol A-induced alzheimer\u2019s disease-like neurotoxicity","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.136287","article-title":"Occurrence of banned and commonly used pesticide residues in concentrated leachate: implications for ecological risk assessment","volume":"710","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-020-00189-z","article-title":"Current understanding of metal ions in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112779","article-title":"Relationship between endocrine disruptors and neurodegenerative diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116069","article-title":"Maternal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate impaired the social interaction via activating microglia in male pups","volume":"272","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"B227","unstructured":"Factsheet: dementia\n          \n          \n          2025"},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0456","article-title":"Complementing the genome with an \u201cexposome\u201d: the outstanding challenge of environmental exposure measurement in molecular epidemiology","volume":"14","author":"Wild","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160018","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18","article-title":"The FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship","volume":"3","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.21442","article-title":"Effect of intensive vs standard blood pressure control on probable dementia","volume":"321","author":"Williamson","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13101485","article-title":"Benzodiazepine use and the risk of dementia in the elderly population: an umbrella review of meta-analyses","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pers. Med."},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.139287","article-title":"Acetamiprid mediates cognitive dysfunction through the gut-brain axis: synaptic damage and immune-mediated blood-brain barrier dysfunction","volume":"496","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585711","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1585711","article-title":"Global burden of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other dementias in adults aged 65 years and older, 1991\u20132021: population-based study","volume":"13","author":"Xiaopeng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Public Heal."},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.08.051","article-title":"Multi-omics signature of brain amyloid deposition in asymptomatic individuals at-risk for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the INSIGHT-preAD study","volume":"47","author":"Xicota","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25424823251395318","DOI":"10.1177\/25424823251395318","article-title":"Rural-urban differences in modifiable dementia risk factors among U.S. populations aged 45 years or older","volume":"9","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. Rep."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170670","article-title":"Effects and mechanisms of bisphenols exposure on neurodegenerative diseases risk: a systemic review","volume":"919","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-025-02530-2","article-title":"Epidemiological and sociodemographic transitions in the global burden and risk factors for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other dementias: a secondary analysis of GBD 2021","volume":"24","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Equity Health"},{"key":"B238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70247","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70247","article-title":"Network toxicology and molecular docking strategy for analyzing the toxicity and mechanisms of bisphenol A in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"39","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"key":"B239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32222","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32222","article-title":"Pesticide exposure and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.0c00523","article-title":"High-resolution metabolomic assessment of pesticide exposure in central valley, California","volume":"34","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"B241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6271","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136271","article-title":"Recent advances in antibody therapy for alzheimer\u2019s disease: focus on bispecific antibodies","volume":"26","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70091","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70091","article-title":"The gut microbiota modulates neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: elucidating crucial factors and mechanistic underpinnings","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"B243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4026","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-54553-4","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes","volume":"14","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128594","article-title":"Early-life and chronic exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate enhances amyloid-\u03b2 toxicity associated with an autophagy-related gene in Caenorhabditis elegans Alzheimer\u2019s disease models","volume":"273","author":"Yen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"B245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glab231","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in alzheimer\u2019s disease risk: role of exposure to ambient fine particles","volume":"77","author":"Younan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Ser. A"},{"key":"B246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-023-03047-z","article-title":"Correcting batch effects in large-scale multiomics studies using a reference-material-based ratio method","volume":"24","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2024.07.005","article-title":"Association between polypharmacy and cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geriatr. Nurs. (Minneap)."},{"key":"B248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-024-03401-9","article-title":"Assessing and mitigating batch effects in large-scale omics studies","volume":"25","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130658","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1130658","article-title":"Rethinking of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: lysosomal overloading and dietary therapy","volume":"15","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/s41207-025-01023-6","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and exposome: is there really a connection? Literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Zayani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Euro-Mediterranean J. Environ. Integr."},{"key":"B251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001475","article-title":"Blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: potential utility in clinical practice","volume":"39","author":"Zeng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"B252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167857","article-title":"Adsorption of As(III) by microplastics coexisting with antibiotics","volume":"907","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108870","article-title":"Associations of ambient air pollution exposure and lifestyle factors with incident dementia in the elderly: a prospective study in the UK Biobank","volume":"190","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"B254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70639","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70639","article-title":"Real-world observations of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors as potential treatments for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2025.117637","article-title":"Shared and divergent neurotoxic mechanisms of Bisphenol A and Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate with implication for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: insights from network toxicology and in vitro validation","volume":"506","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.04.031","article-title":"Anticholinergic drugs and the risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"127","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0127836","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127836","article-title":"Association between benzodiazepine use and dementia: a meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Zhong","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2023.04.005","article-title":"Gut microbiota and its metabolites: bridge of dietary nutrients and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"B259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10428","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.205087","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction following repeated administration of alprazolam causes attenuation of hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation in mice","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging (Albany, NY)"},{"key":"B260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26083589","article-title":"Evaluating the bidirectional causal effects of alzheimer\u2019s disease across multiple conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies","volume":"26","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-025-01883-8","article-title":"Anticholinergic burden and incident dementia: a Swedish nationwide case-control study","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers. Res. Ther."},{"key":"B262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100446","article-title":"Donanemab in early symptomatic Alzheimer\u2019s disease: results from the TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 long-term extension","volume":"13","author":"Zimmer","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/ftox.2026.1871830\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T02:22:59Z","timestamp":1787538179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/ftox.2026.1871830\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"references-count":262,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/ftox.2026.1871830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ftox.2026.1871830","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-3080"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2673-3080","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"article-number":"1871830"}}