{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:57:46Z","timestamp":1791838666311,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":206,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2016.00108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,28]],"date-time":"2016-11-28T08:00:45Z","timestamp":1480320045000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Sarah H.","family":"Ison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Eddie","family":"Clutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierpaolo","family":"Di Giminiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth M. D.","family":"Rutherford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2014.961990","article-title":"Welfare implications of invasive piglet husbandry procedures, methods of alleviation and alternatives: a review","volume":"63","author":"Sutherland","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Z Vet J"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252314000061","article-title":"Pain management in the neonatal piglet during routine management procedures. Part 1: a systematic review of randomized and non-randomized intervention studies","volume":"15","author":"Dzikamunhenga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim Health Res Rev"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252314000073","article-title":"Pain management in the neonatal piglet during routine management procedures. Part 2: grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations","volume":"15","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim Health Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731115002323","article-title":"Review: assessment of completeness of reporting in intervention studies using livestock: an example from pain mitigation interventions in neonatal piglets","volume":"10","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev301","article-title":"Pain management in pigs undergoing experimental surgery; a literature review (2012-4)","volume":"116","author":"Bradbury","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118999196.ch34","article-title":"Recognition and treatment of pain in pet pigs","volume-title":"Pain Management in Veterinary Practice","author":"Mozzachio","year":"2013"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198515616.003.0013","article-title":"Central imaging of pain","volume-title":"The Neurobiology of Pain","author":"Flor","year":"2005"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"423","volume-title":"Sensory, Motivational, and Central Control Determinants of Pain. A New Conceptual Model. Ski. Senses","author":"Melzack","year":"1968"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/8940.001.0001","volume-title":"Understanding Pain","author":"Cervero","year":"2012"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181e72507","article-title":"Pain assessment as a social transaction: beyond the \u201cgold standard\u201d","volume":"26","author":"Schiavenato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"B11","volume-title":"Core Curriculum for Professional Education in Pain: A Report of the Task Force on Professional Education of the International Association for the Study of Pain","author":"Charlton","year":"2005","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90046-0","article-title":"A need of a taxonomy. Pain terms: a list with definitions and notes on usage","volume":"6","author":"Merskey","year":"1979","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(05)80127-7","article-title":"Assessment of pain in animals","volume":"42","author":"Bateson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2014.09.007","article-title":"Defining and assessing animal pain","volume":"97","author":"Sneddon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.116.16.431","article-title":"Guidelines on the recognition of pain, distress and discomfort in experimental animals and an hypothesis for assessment","volume":"116","author":"Morton","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)03823-6","article-title":"A method for determining loss of pain sensation","volume":"72","author":"D\u2019Amour","year":"1941","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219635212500045","article-title":"The place escape\/avoidance paradigm: a novel method to assess nociceptive processing","volume":"11","author":"Fuchs","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Integr Neurosci"},{"key":"B18","first-page":"56","volume-title":"The COSMIN Checklist Manual COSMIN","author":"Mokkink","year":"2012"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600026051","article-title":"Evaluation of welfare state based on interpretation of multiple indices","volume":"12","author":"Scott","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731109990760","article-title":"Guest editorial: scientific and practical issues associated with piglet castration","volume":"3","author":"Edwards","year":"2009","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B21","first-page":"171","article-title":"Quantifying some responses to pain as a stressor","author":"Mellor","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Biology of Animal Stress: Basic Principles and Implications for Animal Welfare"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1053\/tvjl.2000.0520","article-title":"The relationship between tail biting in pigs, docking procedure and other management practices","volume":"161","author":"Hunter","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600030487","article-title":"A review of the welfare consequences of surgical castration in piglets and the evaluation of non-surgical methods","volume":"15","author":"Prunier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Welfare aspects of the castration of piglets","volume":"91","author":"EFSA","year":"2004","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1017\/S002185960005259X","article-title":"The \u201cteat order\u201d of suckling pigs: II. Fighting during suckling and the effects of clipping the eye teeth","volume":"84","author":"Fraser","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Agric Sci"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2010.09.006","article-title":"Assessment of acute pain experienced by piglets from ear tagging, ear notching and intraperitoneal injectable transponders","volume":"127","author":"Leslie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B27","first-page":"88","article-title":"Clinical measurement of pain, distress and discomfort in pigs","volume-title":"The Detection and Relief of Pain in Animals","author":"Oldham","year":"1985"},{"key":"B28","first-page":"11","article-title":"Pain and pain management \u2013 overview pain management: an international perspective","volume":"10","author":"MacArthur Clark","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci Assess Manag Anim pain, OIE Technical Series"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600025641","article-title":"Animal-based measures for the assessment of welfare state of dairy cattle, pigs and laying hens: consensus of expert opinion","volume":"12","author":"Whay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600000464","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of lameness in finishing pigs, gilts and pregnant sows and associations with limb lesions and floor types on commercial farms in England","volume":"18","author":"Kilbride","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.10.003","article-title":"Attitudes of farmers and veterinarians towards pain and the use of pain relief in pigs","volume":"202","author":"Ison","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.235.6.734","article-title":"Effect of lameness on sow longevity","volume":"235","author":"Anil","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1017\/S175173111300222X","article-title":"Longitudinal gait development and variability of growing pigs reared on three different floor types","volume":"8","author":"Stavrakakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B34","volume-title":"Pig Diseases","author":"Taylor","year":"1999","edition":"7th ed"},{"key":"B35","volume-title":"Recognising and Treating Pig Disease","author":"Muirhead","year":"1998"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1995.tb00404.x","article-title":"Pathological and radiological investigations on osteochondrosis in pigs, associated with leg weakness","volume":"42","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Zentralbl Veterinarmed A"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1017\/S1357729800055442","article-title":"Genetic parameters for osteochondrosis in Danish Landrace and Yorkshire boars and correlations with leg weakness and production traits","volume":"71","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anim Sci"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2014.12.016","article-title":"The effect of feeding a diet formulated for developing gilts between 70kg and ~140kg on lameness indicators and carcass traits","volume":"174","author":"Quinn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4994","article-title":"Validation of A lameness model in sows using physiological and mechanical measurements","volume":"91","author":"Karriker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318167afb3","article-title":"Assessment of behavior during labor in rats and effect of intrathecal morphine","volume":"108","author":"Tong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200606000-00022","article-title":"Parturition in the rat: a physiological pain model","volume":"104","author":"Catheline","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31827e8765","article-title":"Role of capsaicin in a murine model of labor and delivery","volume":"118","author":"Mirza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2011.10.020","article-title":"Pain and discomfort caused by parturition in cows and sows","volume":"135","author":"Mainau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD004908","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004908.pub2","article-title":"Analgesia for relief of pain due to uterine cramping\/involution after birth","volume":"11","author":"Deussen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2016.10.002","article-title":"The identification of potential behavioural indicators of pain in periparturient sows","volume":"109","author":"Ison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-1767-4.50008-4","article-title":"Management of postoperative and other acute pain","volume":"13","author":"Dobromylskyj","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain Manag Anim"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-2740-6.50013-4","volume-title":"Dystocia in the Sow. Handbook of Veterinary Obstetrics","author":"Jackson","year":"2004","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.25.3.309","article-title":"A survey of sow management at farrowing in the UK","volume":"25","author":"Ison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B49","first-page":"179","article-title":"Applying science to animal welfare: injury and disease","author":"Algers","year":"2004"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.162.12.377","article-title":"Prevalence of clinical signs of disease in Danish finisher pigs","volume":"162","author":"Petersen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-015-0156-5","article-title":"Occurrence of diarrhoea and intestinal pathogens in non-medicated nursery pigs","volume":"57","author":"Weber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0161990","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161990","article-title":"Pig abattoir inspection data: can it be used for surveillance purposes?","volume":"11","author":"Correia-Gomes","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-65-11","article-title":"Good animal welfare makes economic sense: potential of pig abattoir meat inspection as a welfare surveillance tool","volume":"65","author":"Harley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ir Vet J"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2015.12.003","article-title":"Detection and isolation of digital dermatitis treponemes from skin and tail lesions in pigs","volume":"104","author":"Clegg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1017\/S175173111000203X","article-title":"Decubital shoulder ulcers in sows: a review of classification, pain and welfare consequences","volume":"5","author":"Herskin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2015.02.016","article-title":"A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and risk factors for foot and limb lesions in piglets on commercial farms in Ireland","volume":"119","author":"Quinn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2009.05.023","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of foot lesions in post-weaning pigs and risks associated with floor type on commercial farms in England","volume":"91","author":"Gillman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-5-31","article-title":"A cross sectional study of the prevalence, risk factors and population attributable fractions for limb and body lesions in lactating sows on commercial farms in England","volume":"5","author":"KilBride","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600001950","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of prevalence and risk factors for foot lesions and abnormal posture in lactating sows on commercial farms in England","volume":"19","author":"Kilbride","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2015.06.005","article-title":"Do umbilical outpouchings affect the behaviour or clinical condition of pigs during 6h housing in a pre-transport pick-up facility?","volume":"101","author":"Schild","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-016-0229-0","article-title":"A retrospective study of forensic cases of skin ulcerations in Danish pigs from 2000 to 2014","volume":"58","author":"Barington","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2011.06.015","article-title":"A note on the frequency of gastric ulcers detected during post-mortem examination at a pig abattoir","volume":"90","author":"Swaby","year":"2012","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S59161","article-title":"Pain assessment in animal models: do we need further studies?","volume":"7","author":"Gigliuto","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"B64","volume-title":"Behaviour as a Possible Indicator for Pain in Piglets","author":"Wemelsfelder","year":"1985"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2014.04.031","article-title":"Kinematics as objective tools to evaluate lameness phases in multiparous sows","volume":"165","author":"Mohling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(94)90156-2","article-title":"Behavioural observations of piglets undergoing tail docking, teeth clipping and ear notching","volume":"39","author":"Noonan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2009.0175","article-title":"Pre-natal stress amplifies the immediate behavioural responses to acute pain in piglets","volume":"5","author":"Rutherford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Lett"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731107001450","article-title":"Tail docking in pigs: acute physiological and behavioural responses","volume":"2","author":"Sutherland","year":"2008","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1354","article-title":"Effect of age on the behavioral and physiological responses of piglets to tail docking and ear notching","volume":"87","author":"Torrey","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(03)00059-5","article-title":"Assessment of pain induced by castration in piglets: behavioral and physiological responses over the subsequent 5 days","volume":"82","author":"Hay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731110001291","article-title":"Physiology and behavior of pigs before and after castration: effects of two topical anesthetics","volume":"4","author":"Sutherland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1017\/S175173111100019X","article-title":"The effect of local or general anesthesia on the physiology and behavior of tail docked pigs","volume":"5","author":"Sutherland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.11.001","article-title":"Does the presence of shoulder ulcers affect the behaviour of sows","volume":"98","author":"Larsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0193-8","article-title":"Pressure mat analysis of naturally occurring lameness in young pigs after weaning","volume":"10","author":"Meijer","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-53-34","article-title":"Effect of local anaesthesia and\/or analgesia on pain responses induced by piglet castration","volume":"53","author":"Hansson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3318","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4104","article-title":"Nitrous oxide by itself is insufficient to relieve pain due to castration in piglets","volume":"89","author":"Rault","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3310","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3104","article-title":"Behavior of piglets after castration with or without carbon dioxide anesthesia","volume":"89","author":"Van Beirendonck","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00546.x","article-title":"Pre-emptive meloxicam for postoperative analgesia in piglets undergoing surgical castration","volume":"37","author":"Keita","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.10.016","article-title":"Clinical effects of buprenorphine on open field behaviour and gait symmetry in healthy and lame weaned piglets","volume":"206","author":"Meijer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.23.2.219","article-title":"Measuring the efficacy of flunixin meglumine and meloxicam for lame sows using nociceptive threshold tests","volume":"23","author":"Pairis-Garcia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2013.07.017","article-title":"Pressure algometry and thermal sensitivity for assessing pain sensitivity and effects of flunixin meglumine and sodium salicylate in a transient lameness model in sows","volume":"157","author":"Tapper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2015.08.009","article-title":"Use of an analgesic to identify pain-related indicators of lameness in sows","volume":"180","author":"Conte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2606","article-title":"Animal models of pain: progress and challenges","volume":"10","author":"Mogil","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5693","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-7865","article-title":"Measure and characterization of lameness in gestating sows using force plate, kinematic, and accelerometer methods","volume":"92","author":"Conte","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731113000098","article-title":"Assessment of lameness in sows using gait, footprints, postural behaviour and foot lesion analysis","volume":"7","author":"Gr\u00e9goire","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2016.07.017","article-title":"Validating behavioral sampling techniques for lame sows administered flunixin meglumine and meloxicam","volume":"191","author":"Whalin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2008.10.004","article-title":"Pain and discomfort in male piglets during surgical castration with and without local anaesthesia as determined by vocalisation and defence behaviour","volume":"116","author":"Leidig","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1080","article-title":"Postnatal piglet husbandry practices and well-being: the effects of alternative techniques delivered separately","volume":"87","author":"Marchant-Forde","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2004.00617.x","article-title":"Inhalation anaesthesia for castration of newborn piglets: experiences with isoflurane and isoflurane\/NO","volume":"51","author":"Walker","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1080\/09064702.2015.1110617","article-title":"Sow behavioral responses to transient, chemically induced synovitis lameness","volume":"65","author":"Parsons","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Agric Scand Sec A Anim Sci"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(01)00123-X","article-title":"Behavioural responses of piglets to castration: the effect of piglet age","volume":"73","author":"Taylor","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.2527\/1993.7161441x","article-title":"The development of pain in young pigs associated with castration and attempts to prevent castration-induced behavioral changes","volume":"71","author":"McGlone","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2007.05.019","article-title":"Effect of surgical castration on the behavioural and acute phase responses of 5-day-old piglets","volume":"111","author":"Llamas Moya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114003176","article-title":"Can novel methods be useful for pain assessment of castrated piglets?","volume":"9","author":"Lonardi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/749","article-title":"Investigation of the use of meloxicam post farrowing for improving sow performance and reducing pain","volume":"22","author":"Tenbergen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Swine Heal Prod"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2014.06.005","article-title":"The effect of ketoprofen on post-partum behaviour in sows","volume":"158","author":"Viitasaari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731111001790","article-title":"Effects of meloxicam (Metacam\u00ae) on post-farrowing sow behaviour and piglet performance","volume":"6","author":"Mainau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.24.1.093","article-title":"Behavioural evaluation of analgesic efficacy for pain mitigation in lame sows","volume":"24","author":"Pairis-Garcia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2010.05.034","article-title":"A behavioural scale to measure ease of farrowing in sows","volume":"74","author":"Mainau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"8","key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.7782054x","article-title":"Butorphanol tartrate acts to decrease sow activity, which could lead to reduced pig crushing","volume":"77","author":"Haussmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.1999.tb01389.x","article-title":"The effect of piglet expulsion in the sow on plasma cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone and \u03b2-endorphin","volume":"34","author":"Jarvis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(92)90371-8","article-title":"Naloxone prevents interruption of parturition and increases plasma oxytocin following environmental disturbance in parturient sows","volume":"52","author":"Lawrence","year":"1992","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1988.66123049x","article-title":"Local and general anesthetic effects on behavior and performance of two- and seven-week-old castrated and uncastrated piglets","volume":"66","author":"Mcglone","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.2527\/2006.8451271x","article-title":"Hormonal profiles, behavioral responses, and short-term growth performance after castration of pigs at three, six, nine, or twelve days of age","volume":"84","author":"Caroll","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1139\/cjas-2015-0109","article-title":"An investigation of a novel behavioural test to assess pain in piglets following castration","volume":"96","author":"Bilsborrow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731112001334","article-title":"Impact of general injection anaesthesia and analgesia on post-castration behaviour and teat order of piglets","volume":"6","author":"Schmidt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2013.06.013","article-title":"Effects of post-partum administration of ketoprofen on sow health and piglet growth","volume":"198","author":"Viitasaari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1994.tb00249.x","article-title":"Effects of ketoprofen and flunixin in pigs experimentally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneuniae","volume":"17","author":"Swinkels","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.2003.00524.x","article-title":"Investigation on the efficacy of meloxicam in sows with mastitis-metritis-agalactia syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Hirsch","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1258\/002367700780387750","article-title":"Transdermal fentanyl compared with parenteral buprenorphine in post-surgical pain in swine: a case study","volume":"34","author":"Harvey-Clark","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lab Anim"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1258\/002367706775404453","article-title":"Effects of epidural morphine and transdermal fentanyl analgesia on physiology and behaviour after abdominal surgery in pigs","volume":"40","author":"Malavasi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lab Anim"},{"key":"B112","first-page":"265","article-title":"Assessment of postoperative analgesia after application of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia for surgery in a swine femoral fracture model","volume":"52","author":"Royal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731115001275","article-title":"Effect of locomotion score on sows\u2019 performances in a feed reward collection test","volume":"9","author":"Bos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Animal"},{"issue":"11","key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-015-0005-y","article-title":"The effect of ketoprofen on feeding behavior of tail-bitten pigs","volume":"1","author":"Viitasaari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Porc Heal Manag"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2009.008101","article-title":"Development of perioperative care for pigs undergoing laryngeal transplantation: a case series","volume":"43","author":"Murison","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lab Anim"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00399.x","article-title":"Characterization of a porcine model of post-operative pain","volume":"18","author":"Castel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(02)00820-1","article-title":"Observer-blinded comparison of two nonopioid analgesics for postoperative pain in piglets","volume":"73","author":"Reyes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731110000066","article-title":"Repeatability of lameness, fear and slipping scores to assess animal welfare upon arrival in pig slaughterhouses","volume":"4","author":"Dalmau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-51-23","article-title":"Incidence of lameness and abrasions in piglets in identical farrowing pens with four different types of floor","volume":"51","author":"Zoric","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731110001102","article-title":"The interrelationships between clinical signs and their effect on involuntary culling among pregnant sows in group-housing systems","volume":"4","author":"Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600000932","article-title":"Welfare assessment in 82 pig farms: effect of animal age and floor type on","volume":"18","author":"Courboulay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B122","first-page":"421","article-title":"Investigation on the clinical efficacy and safety of meloxicam (Metacam) in the treatment of non-infectious locomotor disorders in pigs","volume":"116","author":"Friton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.09.017","article-title":"Oral ketoprofen is effective in the treatment of non-infectious lameness in sows","volume":"190","author":"Mustonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.147.20.574","article-title":"Repeatability of a lameness scoring system for finishing pigs","volume":"147","author":"Main","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2006.04.013","article-title":"Identifying and preventing pain in animals","volume":"100","author":"Weary","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.21.2.219","article-title":"Repeated locomotion scoring of a sow herd to measure lameness:\u2009consistency over time, the effect of sow characteristics and inter-observer reliability","volume":"21","author":"D\u2019Eath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.04.025","article-title":"The Kyoto protocol of IASP basic pain terminology","volume":"137","author":"Loeser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(97)00027-4","article-title":"Opioid-mediated changes in nociceptive threshold during pregnancy and parturition in the sow","volume":"72","author":"Jarvis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2009.02.016","article-title":"Measuring cutaneous thermal nociception in group-housed pigs using laser technique \u2013 effects of laser power output","volume":"118","author":"Herskin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B130","first-page":"147","article-title":"Stress-induced analgesia in pigs","volume":"17","author":"Dantzer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Rech Vet"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(90)90267-8","article-title":"Stereotypic behavior, endogenous opioids, and postfeeding hypoalgesia in pigs","volume":"48","author":"Rushen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(91)90566-7","article-title":"Stress-induced hypoalgesia and opioid inhibition of pigs\u2019 responses to restraint","volume":"50","author":"Rushen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(93)90203-R","article-title":"Nursing-induced changes in pain sensitivity, prolactin, and somatotropin in the pig","volume":"53","author":"Rushen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjpain.2010.05.026","article-title":"Pigs in pain \u2013 porcine behavioural responses towards mechanical nociceptive stimulation directed at the hind legs","volume":"1","author":"Herskin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.07.018","article-title":"The impact of prenatal stress on basal nociception and evoked responses to tail-docking and inflammatory challenge in juvenile pigs","volume":"104","author":"Sandercock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2010.01236.x","article-title":"Ketoprofen in piglets: enantioselective pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and PK\/PD modelling","volume":"34","author":"Fosse","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2013.08.016","article-title":"Mechanical nociception thresholds in lame sows: evidence of hyperalgesia as measured by two different methods","volume":"198","author":"Nalon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3073","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-7521","article-title":"Evaluation of mechanical and thermal nociception as objective tools to measure painful and nonpainful lameness phases in multiparous sows","volume":"92","author":"Mohling","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2012.00737.x","article-title":"Factors affecting mechanical (nociceptive) thresholds in piglets","volume":"39","author":"Janczak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2012.00228.x","article-title":"Nociceptive responses to thermal and mechanical stimulations in awake pigs","volume":"17","author":"Di Giminiani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1111\/vaa.12254","article-title":"The effect of social isolation, gender and familiarity with the experimental procedure on tests of porcine nociceptive thresholds","volume":"42","author":"Di Giminiani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2014.03.023","article-title":"Capsaicin-induced neurogenic inflammation in pig skin: a behavioural study","volume":"96","author":"Di Giminiani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00340.x","article-title":"Characterization of nociceptive behavioural responses in the awake pig following UV-B-induced inflammation","volume":"18","author":"Di Giminiani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.09.011","article-title":"Peripheral neuritis trauma in pigs: a neuropathic pain model","volume":"17","author":"Castel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aac6589","article-title":"CT-guided injection of a TRPV1 agonist around dorsal root ganglia decreases pain transmission in swine","volume":"7","author":"Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-3801(02)00140-4","article-title":"Evaluation of a short duration behaviour-based post-operative pain scoring system in rats","volume":"7","author":"Roughan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1097\/01.j.pain.0000460341.62094.77","article-title":"Social modulation of and by pain in humans and rodents","volume":"156","author":"Mogil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2014.02.059","article-title":"Social support in pigs with different coping styles","volume":"129","author":"Reimert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2013.11.015","article-title":"Responses to novel situations of female and castrated male pigs with divergent social breeding values and different backtest classifications in barren and straw-enriched housing","volume":"151","author":"Reimert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2012.11.002","article-title":"Indicators of positive and negative emotions and emotional contagion in pigs","volume":"109","author":"Reimert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-1767-4.50007-2","article-title":"Pain assessment","volume-title":"Pain Management in Animals","author":"Dobromylskyj","year":"2000"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.732381x","article-title":"Vocalization and physiological response of pigs during castration with or without a local anesthetic","volume":"73","author":"White","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(97)00092-0","article-title":"Vocal response to pain in piglets","volume":"56","author":"Weary","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(00)00143-X","article-title":"Vocal responses of piglets to castration: identifying procedural sources of pain","volume":"70","author":"Taylor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-460X(03)00594-7","article-title":"Analysis of pain-related vocalization in young pigs","volume":"266","author":"Marx","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Sound Vib"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731112000547","article-title":"Effects of a local anaesthetic and NSAID in castration of piglets, on the acute pain responses, growth and mortality","volume":"6","author":"Kluivers-Poodt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1388003","article-title":"Linear prediction coding analysis and self-organizing feature map as tools to classify stress calls of domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)","volume":"110","author":"Sch\u00d6n","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"B158","first-page":"110","article-title":"Measuring pig welfare by automatic monitoring of stress calls","volume":"29","author":"Manteuffel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bornimer Agrartech Berichte"},{"issue":"2","key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1017\/S096272860002683X","article-title":"Automated recording of stress vocalisations as a tool to document impaired welfare in pigs","volume":"13","author":"Sch\u00d6n","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2005.05.001","article-title":"Castration-induced vocalisation in domestic piglets, Sus scrofa: complex and specific alterations of the vocal quality","volume":"95","author":"Puppe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(97)00277-3","article-title":"Using c-fos as a neural marker of pain","volume":"45","author":"Harris","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2006.00759_6.x","article-title":"Castration of piglets under carbon dioxide (CO2) anaesthesia","volume":"1","author":"Svendsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2004.11.017","article-title":"Local anaesthetics attenuates spinal nociception and HPA-axis activation during experimental laparotomy in pigs","volume":"79","author":"Lykkegaard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363240-00002","article-title":"What is the role of NSAIDs in pre-emptive analgesia?","volume":"63","author":"Ochroch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20061","article-title":"The role of substance P in inflammatory disease","volume":"201","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199503150-00007","article-title":"Neuropeptide changes in compressed spinal nerve roots","volume":"20","author":"Cornefjord","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-4260","article-title":"The physiological and behavioral response of pigs castrated with and without anesthesia or analgesia","volume":"90","author":"Sutherland","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e113678","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113678","article-title":"Impact of transmammary-delivered meloxicam on biomarkers of pain and distress in piglets after castration and tail docking","volume":"9","author":"Bates","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.69.6.751","article-title":"Plasma concentration of substance P and cortisol in beef calves after castration or simulated castration","volume":"69","author":"Coetzee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1909","article-title":"A new role of substance P as an injury-inducible messenger for mobilization of CD29(+) stromal-like cells","volume":"15","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.2527\/2005.831216x","article-title":"Effects of castration, tooth resection, or tail docking on plasma metabolites and stress hormones in young pigs","volume":"83","author":"Prunier","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3157","article-title":"Neopterin and biopterin as biomarkers of immune system activation associated with castration in piglets","volume":"89","author":"Mars\u00e1lek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1973.3661158x","article-title":"Endocrine physiology of the puerperal sow","volume":"36","author":"Molokwu","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(94)90165-1","article-title":"The effect of environment on behaviour, plasma cortisol and prolactin in parturient sows","volume":"39","author":"Lawrence","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1017\/S1357729800008663","article-title":"The effect of environment on behavioural activity, ACTH, \u03b2-endorphin and cortisol in pre-farrowing gilts","volume":"65","author":"Jarvis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anim Sci"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(98)00090-6","article-title":"The effect of environment on plasma cortisol and beta-endorphin in the parturient pig and the involvement of endogenous opioids","volume":"52","author":"Jarvis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-2987.2001.00051.x","article-title":"Electroencephalographic and cardiovascular indicators of nociception during isoflurane anaesthesia in pigs","volume":"28","author":"Haga","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2004.00225.x","article-title":"Castration of piglets: the analgesic effects of intratesticular and intrafunicular lidocaine injection","volume":"32","author":"Haga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.07.030184.001255","article-title":"Endogenous opioids: biology and function","volume":"7","author":"Akil","year":"1984","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(99)00013-1","article-title":"The responsiveness of sows to their piglets in relation to the length of parturition and the involvement of endogenous opioids","volume":"63","author":"Jarvis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90047-2","article-title":"On the relation of injury to pain","volume":"6","author":"Wall","year":"1979","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2004.05.002","article-title":"Observer agreement on pen level prevalence of clinical signs in finishing pigs","volume":"64","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600000993","article-title":"The effect of method of tail docking on tail-biting behaviour and welfare of pigs","volume":"18","author":"Sutherland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600030499","article-title":"Influence of teeth resection on the skin temperature and acute phase response in newborn piglets","volume":"15","author":"Llamas Moya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim Welfare"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.04.008","article-title":"The porcine acute phase protein response to acute clinical and subclinical experimental infection with Streptococcus suis","volume":"113","author":"Sorensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.159.17.552","article-title":"Clinical and anti-inflammatory effects of treating endotoxin-challenged pigs with meloxicam","volume":"159","author":"Friton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600014317","article-title":"Using behaviour to assess animal welfare","volume":"13","author":"Dawkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim Welf"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12169","article-title":"Managing animal wellbeing: a preliminary survey of pig farmers","volume":"92","author":"Wilson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.09.028","article-title":"What should we be measuring in behavioral studies of chronic pain in animals?","volume":"112","author":"Mogil","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.05.004","article-title":"Cognitive testing of pigs (Sus scrofa) in translational biobehavioral research","volume":"35","author":"Kornum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13347","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013347","article-title":"Are we looking in the wrong place? Implications for behavioural-based pain assessment in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculi) and beyond?","volume":"6","author":"Leach","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1455","article-title":"Coding of facial expressions of pain in the laboratory mouse","volume":"7","author":"Langford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-7-55","article-title":"The Rat Grimace Scale: a partially automated method for quantifying pain in the laboratory rat via facial expressions","volume":"7","author":"Sotocinal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44437","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044437","article-title":"Evaluation of EMLA cream for preventing pain during tattooing of rabbits: changes in physiological, behavioural and facial expression responses","volume":"7","author":"Keating","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e92281","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092281","article-title":"Development of the Horse Grimace Scale (HGS) as a pain assessment tool in horses undergoing routine castration","volume":"9","author":"Dalla Costa","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2016.01.007","article-title":"Development of a facial expression scale using footrot and mastitis as models of pain in sheep","volume":"176","author":"McLennan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2016.09.010","article-title":"Coding and quantification of a facial expression for pain in lambs","volume":"132","author":"Guesgen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav Processes"},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2016.00100","article-title":"The assessment of facial expressions in piglets undergoing tail docking and castration: towards the development of the Piglet Grimace Scale","volume":"3","author":"Di Giminiani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(00)00160-6","article-title":"An operant assay of thermal pain in conscious, unrestrained rats","volume":"97","author":"Mauderli","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.05.011","article-title":"Use of a novel thermal operant behavioral assay for characterization of orofacial pain sensitivity","volume":"116","author":"Neubert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2012.02.018","article-title":"Environmental enrichment induces optimistic cognitive biases in pigs","volume":"139","author":"Douglas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jveb.2013.05.007","article-title":"A design for studies on cognitive bias in the domestic pig","volume":"8","author":"D\u00fcpjan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Behav Clin Appl Res"},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2013.07.011","article-title":"Responses of conventional pigs and G\u00f6ttingen miniature pigs in an active choice judgement bias task","volume":"148","author":"Murphy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2014.08.002","article-title":"A review of behavioural methods to study emotion and mood in pigs, Sus scrofa","volume":"159","author":"Murphy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-014-0825-1","article-title":"Decision-making under risk and ambiguity in low-birth-weight pigs","volume":"18","author":"Murphy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim Cogn"},{"key":"B206","volume-title":"Addressing Pain at Parturition in the Pig. Dissertation\/doctoral thesis","author":"Ison","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fvets.2016.00108\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T22:09:33Z","timestamp":1749766173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fvets.2016.00108\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,28]]},"references-count":206,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2016.00108","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,28]]}}}