{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:15:15Z","timestamp":1790511315485,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007652","name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Tecnolog\u00eda Agraria y Alimentaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007652","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011941","name":"Gobierno del Principado de Asturias","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Vet. Sci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T05:09:16Z","timestamp":1580792956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Protective Effect of Oral BCG and Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis Vaccines in European Badgers (Meles meles) Experimentally Infected With M. bovis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Balseiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vega","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Lesellier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipesh","family":"Dav\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Salguero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iker A.","family":"Sevilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"Infantes-Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseba M.","family":"Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Adriaensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n A.","family":"Juste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Barral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30139-6","article-title":"Zoonotic tuberculosis in human beings caused by Mycobacterium bovis-a call for action","volume":"17","author":"Olea-Popelka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2018.01.003","article-title":"Assessing the variability in transmission of bovine tuberculosis within spanish cattle herds","volume":"23","author":"Ciaravino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemics."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2007.11.010","article-title":"The effect of varying levels of population control on the prevalence of tuberculosis in badgers in Ireland","volume":"85","author":"Corner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9090","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009090","article-title":"The duration of the effects of repeated widespread badger culling on cattle tuberculosis following the cessation of culling","volume":"5","author":"Jenkins","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2907.2011.00191.x","article-title":"The status of tuberculosis in european wild mammals","volume":"42","author":"Gort\u00e1zar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mammal Rev."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1054\/tuld.2000.0250","article-title":"The development of wildlife control strategies for eradication of tuberculosis in cattle in Ireland","volume":"80","author":"Gormley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tuber Lung Dis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80S\u221286S","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.94.s1.9.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis and badgers: new approaches to diagnosis and control","volume":"94","author":"Gormley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102581","article-title":"Vaccination against tuberculosis in badgers and cattle: an overview of the challenges, developments and current research priorities in Great Britain","volume":"175","author":"Chambers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Rec."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.08.095","article-title":"First data on eurasian wild boar response to oral immunization with BCG and challenge with a Mycobacterium bovis field strain","volume":"27","author":"Ballesteros","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-45.4.1042","article-title":"Tuberculosis in european badgers (Meles Meles) and the control of infection with bacille calmette-gu\u00e9rin vaccination","volume":"45","author":"Corner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2010.1953","article-title":"Bacillus calmette-gu\u00e9rin vaccination reduces the severity and progression of tuberculosis in badgers","volume":"278","author":"Chambers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.03.007","article-title":"Control of tuberculosis in badgers by vaccination: where next?","volume":"189","author":"Gormley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet J."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.03.028","article-title":"Protection of eurasian badgers (Meles Meles) from tuberculosis after intra-muscular vaccination with different doses of BCG","volume":"29","author":"Lesellier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00006","article-title":"The effect of oral vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis BCG on the development of tuberculosis in captive european badgers (Meles Meles)","volume":"7","author":"Chambers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.06.120","article-title":"Oral vaccination of badgers (Meles Meles) with BCG and protective immunity against endobronchial challenge with Mycobacterium bovis","volume":"28","author":"Corner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00259","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of BCG vaccine for control of tuberculosis in domestic livestock and wildlife","volume":"5","author":"Buddle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2018.04.002","article-title":"Impact of piglet oral vaccination against tuberculosis in endemic free-ranging wild boar populations","volume":"155","author":"D\u00edez-Delgado","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24905","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024905","article-title":"Protection against tuberculosis in eurasian wild boar vaccinated with heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis","volume":"6","author":"Garrido","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2016.03.003","article-title":"Oral administration of heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis reduces the response of farmed red deer to avian and bovine tuberculin","volume":"172","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-0233(03)00113-8","article-title":"Experimental comparison of ketamine with a combination of ketamine, butorphanol and medetomidine for general anaesthesia of the eurasian badger (Meles Meles L.)","volume":"167","author":"de Leeuw","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet J."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2007.11.001","article-title":"Development and evaluation of a gamma-interferon assay for tuberculosis in badgers (Meles Meles)","volume":"88","author":"Dalley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tuberculosis."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.03.009","article-title":"The safety and immunogenicity of bacillus calmette-gu\u00e9rin (BCG) vaccine in european badgers (Meles Meles)","volume":"112","author":"Lesellier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.134","article-title":"New serological platform for detecting antibodies against Mycobacterium bovis complex in European badgers","volume":"5","author":"Infantes-Lorenzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(94)90023-X","article-title":"Production and characterization of a monoclonal badger anti-immunoglobulin G and its use in defining the specificity of Mycobacterium bovis infection in badgers by western blot","volume":"40","author":"Goodger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0180546","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180546","article-title":"Assessment of BCG and inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccines in an experimental tuberculosis infection model in sheep","volume":"12","author":"Balseiro","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03168-14","article-title":"Detection of mycobacteria, Mycobacterium bovis subspecies, and Mycobacterium bovis complex by a novel tetraplex real-time PCR assay","volume":"53","author":"Sevilla","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.4.907-914.1997","article-title":"Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis for diagnosis and epidemiology","volume":"35","author":"Kamerbeek","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.02.031","article-title":"Oral vaccination of badgers (Meles Meles) against tuberculosis: comparison of the protection generated by BCG vaccine strains pasteur and danish","volume":"200","author":"Murphy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet J."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12097","article-title":"Sex-related heterogeneity in the life-history correlates of Mycobacterium bovis infection in european badgers (Meles Meles)","volume":"60","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12369","article-title":"Association of quantitative interferon-gamma responses with the progression of naturally acquired Mycobacterium bovis infection in wild european badgers (Meles Meles)","volume":"144","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0168851","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168851","article-title":"Oral vaccination of free-living badgers (Meles Meles) with bacille calmette guerin (BCG) vaccine confers protection against tuberculosis","volume":"12","author":"Gormley","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.10.068","article-title":"Immunological responses and protective immunity in BCG vaccinated badgers following endobronchial infection with Mycobacterium bovis","volume":"27","author":"Lesellier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1441655","article-title":"Moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus and low effectiveness against A(H3N2) virus among older adults during 2013\u20132014 influenza season in Beijing, China","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.2.672-678.2002","article-title":"Failure of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine: some species of environmental mycobacteria block multiplication of BCG and induction of protective immunity to tuberculosis","volume":"70","author":"Brandt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2004.09.007","article-title":"The efficacy of live tuberculosis vaccines after presensitization with Mycobacterium avium","volume":"85","author":"de Lisle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tuberculosis."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.02.101","article-title":"Assessment of the safety of bacillus calmette-gu\u00e9rin vaccine administered orally to badgers (Meles Meles)","volume":"36","author":"Perrett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00189","article-title":"Development and evaluation of a serological assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in alpacas and llamas","volume":"5","author":"Infantes-Lorenzo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2834","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00440-14","article-title":"Detection and molecular characterization of Mycobacterium microti isolates in wild boar from northern Italy","volume":"52","author":"Boniotti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2018.09.010","article-title":"Immunological responses of european badgers (Meles Meles) to infection with Mycobacterium bovis","volume":"61","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(03)00055-2","article-title":"Bovine tuberculosis in badgers in four areas in ireland: does tuberculosis cluster?","volume":"59","author":"Olea-Popelka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.11.011","article-title":"Bovine tuberculosis infection in wild mammals in the south-west region of england: a survey of prevalence and a semi-quantitative assessment of the relative risks to cattle","volume":"173","author":"Delahay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet J."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-44.1.99","article-title":"Mycobacterium bovis in wildlife in France","volume":"44","author":"Zanella","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-012-0678-3","article-title":"Bovine tuberculosis in \u201ceurasian\u201d badgers (Meles Meles) in France","volume":"59","author":"Payne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Wild Res."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.163.5.159","article-title":"Bovine tuberculosis in a badger (Meles meles) in Spain","volume":"163","author":"Sobrino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Rec."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.04.012","article-title":"Infection of eurasian badgers (Meles Meles) with Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium bovis complex in Spain","volume":"190","author":"Balseiro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet J."},{"key":"B46","unstructured":"2018"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2016.10.010","article-title":"Oral vaccination of cattle with heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis does not compromise bovine TB diagnostic tests","volume":"182","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.00041\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T05:09:20Z","timestamp":1580792960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.00041\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fvets.2020.00041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.00041","relation":{},"ISSN":["2297-1769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2297-1769","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"article-number":"41"}}